Preparation and Photocatalytic Properties of Alga-based CDs-Cu-TiO2 Composite Material

doi:10.15541/jim20210076

Abstract

Abstract:

Photocatalytic degradation can efficiently reduce the organic pollutants in wastewater which has broad application prospects. Herein, an algae Enteromorpha Prolifera, was used as the raw material to prepare alga-based carbon dots (CDs) through a hydrothermal method, and CDs-Cu-TiO₂ composite nanomaterials were further synthesized as a photocatalyst for pollutant degradation. The results show that CDs, Cu ²⁺ and TiO₂ are closely combined within the composite material. Compared to the pure TiO₂ nanoparticles, the absorption of CDs-Cu-TiO₂ in the visible light range is significantly enhanced and the fluorescence emission efficiency is decreased. Introduction of CDs and Cu²⁺produces a synergistic effect, which changes the band gap of the composite material to 2.35 eV, and effectively inhibits the recombination of electrons and holes. The photocatalytic degradation experiment using Rhodamine B as a model pollutant shows that under visible light irradiation the first order rate constant of degradation catalyzed by alga-based CDs-Cu-TiO₂ reaches 6.4 times of that degraded by pure TiO₂ nanoparticles, and the degradation efficiency after 150 min is close to 100%, which is double of the value when TiO₂ nanoparticles apply.

Key words: CDs-Cu-TiO₂, composite photocatalyst, photocatalytic degradation, dye wastewater

CLC Number:

TQ174

LIU Cai, LIU Fang, HUANG Fang, WANG Xiaojuan. Preparation and Photocatalytic Properties of Alga-based CDs-Cu-TiO₂ Composite Material[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2021, 36(11): 1154-1162.

Figures/Tables 9

Fig. 1 Schematic diagram for synthesizing CDs-Cu-TiO2 nanocomposite

Fig. 2 XRD patterns of TiO2, CDs-TiO2 and CDs-Cu-TiO2 composite

Fig. 3 TEM images of (A) TiO2 , (B) CDs, (C, D) CDs-Cu-TiO2; (E) SAED image of CDs-Cu-TiO2 composite; (F) EDS patterns of CDs-TiO2 and CDs-Cu-TiO2 composite

Fig. 4 (A) XPS survey spectra of different materials; XPS spectra of (B) C1s, (C) N1s, and (D) Cu2p for the CDs-Cu-TiO2 composite

Fig. 5 (A)FT-IR spectra and (B) UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra of TiO2, CDs-TiO2 and CDs-Cu-TiO2 composite with inset showing the Tauc’s plots

Fig. 6 (A) UV-Vis absorption spectrum and FL spectrum (λex= 380 nm) of CDs; (B) Photoluminescence emission spectra of CDs at different near infrared excitation wavelengths; (C) FL spectra (λex=320 nm) of TiO2, CDs-TiO2 and CDs-Cu-TiO2 composite

Fig. 7 RhB degradation under visible light irradiation using CDs-TiO2 (A) or CDs-Cu-TiO2 (B) as the photocatalyst; (C) the first order kinetics of RhB degradation in the presence of various photocatalysts; (D) recycling runs of the photocatalytic activity of CDs-Cu-TiO2 toward RhB degradation

Table 1 Analysis of the atomic content of each element in CDs-Cu-TiO2 composite

Atomic content of each element in CDs-Cu-TiO₂
Element	Ti2p	C1s	N1s	O1s	Cu2p
/%	27.11	13.61	1.14	57.21	0.93

Fig. 8 Photocatalytic mechanism of CDs-Cu-TiO2 composite

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Preparation and Photocatalytic Properties of Alga-based CDs-Cu-TiO₂ Composite Material

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