Fig. 1 SEM images of MIL-47/PAN (a)[8] and HKUST-1 (b) NFMs[10]

Fig. 2 SEM images of PI-ZIF-8 (a)[16] and PAN/MOF-808 (b) NFMs[17]

Fig. 3 (a) Preparation method and formation mechanism of the in situ ZIF-8/PAN fibers[22]; (b) Scheme of in situ growth of UiO-66-NH2 on PAN NFM[23]; (c) Fabrication process of ZIF-8, MIL-88B(Fe), HKUST-1 and MIL-53(Al) NFMs[25]

Fig. 4 Preparation process of self-supported and flexible HKUST-1 NFM[6]

Fig. 5 (a) SEM images of PAN/ZnO/ZIF-8 and PAN/Al2O3/MIL-53-NH2 NFMs[28], and (b) schematic illustration of UiO-66-NH2 NFMs prepared through ALD[29]

Fig. 6 Effective deposition MOF on the ‘‘inert’’ polymer fibrous membranes by using polydopamine layer as nucleation center[30]

Fig. 7 (a) CO2 adsorption isotherms and CO2/N2 adsorption selectivity of PAN/ZIF-8 NFMs[33], (b) selective adsorption of cationic dyes by bio-MOF/PAN filter[37], and (c) adsorption mechanism of Cu(II) and Cr(VI) on the ZIF-67/CA NFM surface[39]

Fig. 8 (a) Possible mechanism of photocatalytic degradation of MB on PLA/ZIF-8@GO fibers[41], and (b) illustration of UiO-66-NH2 NFM used for protection against toxic industrial chemicals and chemical warfare agents[42]

Fig. 9 (a) Fluorescent image of Zn-MOF/PST-1 NFM[45], and (b) reversibility test of the fluorescent test paper with NB and methanol[47]

Fig. 10 (a) Proton conductive process of oriented electrospun nanofiber and HRTEM image of cross-sectional aligned nanofiber[55], and (b) antibacterial activities of CS-PEO and CS-PEO-3% ZIF-8 NFMs[56]