Sorption Behaviors and Mechanisms of Eu(III) on Rice Straw-derived Biochar

doi:10.15541/jim20190314

Abstract

Abstract:

Biochar, derived from agricultural residuals, is extensively applied to remove detrimental heavy metals from wastewater, which has dual significance for the environment protection. Herein, the sorption behavior and interaction mechanism of Eu(III) on rice straw-derived biochar was investigated by batch and spectroscopic technologies. The solution pH significantly affects the percentage of the sorption, but has little effect on the contact time. Humic substances (HA/FA) significantly enhance Eu(III) sorption with solution pH<7.0, but inhibit the sorption with solution pH>7.0. The sorption mechanism involves co-precipitation or inner-sphere surface complexation. And the chemical sorption rate is restricted by intra-particle diffusion process. Besides, the Freundlich model simulates isotherms best and the maximum sorption amount is up to 40.717 mg/kg, which correlates with the stratified structure and abundant functional groups of biochar. The thermodynamic parameters suggest that the sorption of Eu(III) on biochar is a spontaneous and endothermic process. Therefore, these results are valuable to assess the potential application values of rice straw-derived biochar for the removal of Eu(III) in water systems.

Key words: rice straw-derived biochar, Eu(III), sorption behavior, sorption mechanism, spectroscopic technology

CLC Number:

TQ174

DONG Lijia, WU Siying, LI Shengbo, WEI Zuofu, YANG Guo, HU Baowei. Sorption Behaviors and Mechanisms of Eu(III) on Rice Straw-derived Biochar[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2020, 35(3): 390-398.

Figures/Tables 10

Fig. 1 SEM image (a), TEM image (b), and FT-IR spectrum (c) of rice straw-derived biochar

Fig. 2 Influence of ionic strength on Eu(III) sorption on biochar as a function of pH(a), and the relative distribution of Eu(III) species in solutions as a function of pH(b) T=(298±2) K, CEu(III)initial=10.0 mg/L, m/V=0.45 g/L

Fig. 3 Effect of HA/FA addition on Eu(III) sorption onto biochar under the conditions of T=(298±2) K, CEu(III)initial= 10.0 mg/L, m/V=0.45 g/L, CNaClO4=0.01 mol/L

Fig. 4 Eu(III) sorption percentage on biochar as a function of contact time and pH (a), 3D plots of t/qt vs. t for pseudo-second-order model simulation (b), and qt vs. t1/2 for intra-particle diffusion model simulation at 4 pH (c) T=(298±2) K, CEu(III)initial=10.0 mg/L, m/V=0.45 g/L, CNaClO4=0.01 mol/L

pH	Pseudo-second-order model			Intra-particle diffusion model
pH	q_e/(mol∙g^-1)	K/(g∙mol^-1∙h^-1)	r²	k_int/(mg∙g^-1∙h^-1/2)	r²
5.26	1.265 × 10^-4	5.361 × 10⁴	1.000	2.147	0.829
5.98	1.073 × 10^-4	3.503 × 10⁴	1.000	1.589	0.764
6.57	9.911 × 10^-5	3.253 × 10⁴	1.000	1.513	0.749
7.22	8.591 × 10^-5	1.756 × 10⁴	0.999	1.630	0.650

Fig. 5 Isotherms of Eu(III) sorption onto biochar at different temperatures under the conditions of pH=5.5±0.2, CNaClO4= 0.01 mol/L, m/V=0.45 g/L

Fig. 6 Linearized Langmuir isotherm (a), Freundlich isotherm(b), Temkin isotherm (c), Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm (d) of Eu(III) sorption on biochar at different temperatures (pH=5.5±0.2, CNaClO4=0.01 mol/L, m/V=0.45 g/L)

T/K	Langmuir model
T/K	q_max/(mg∙g^-1)	K_L/(L∙mg^-1)	r²
298	34.626	0.130	0.950
318	31.289	0.322	0.974
338	40.717	0.336	0.984
	Freundlich model
	K_F/(mg^1-ⁿ∙Lⁿ∙g^-1)	n	r²
298	4.091	0.738	0.988
318	7.723	0.548	0.992
338	10.280	0.561	0.974
	Temkin model
	A	b	r²
298	1.875	401.551	0.957
318	3.342	374.482	0.970
338	3.217	304.874	0.978
	Dubinin-Radushkevich model
	q_max/(mg∙g^-1)	E/(J∙g^-1)	r²
298	13.518	0.502	0.824
318	18.320	0.609	0.873
338	22.920	0.617	0.801

Fig. 7 Linear relationships of lnKd vs. Ce for Eu(III) sorption on biochar at different temperatures (a) and lnKθ vs. 1/T (b). (pH= 5.5±0.2, CNaClO4=0.01 mol/L, m/V=0.45 g/L)

T/K	ΔG^θ/(kJ∙mg^-1)	ΔS^θ/(J∙mg^-1∙K^-1)	ΔH^θ/(kJ∙mg^-1)
298	-20.708	142.169	21.659
318	-24.059	142.169	21.151
338	-26.351	142.169	21.703

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