TiO2@SiO2 Composites: Preparation and Photocatalytic Antimicrobial Performance

doi:10.15541/jim20190039

Abstract

Abstract:

Carrier SiO₂ was synthesized through Sol-Gel method, and the photocatalytic antibacterial material of TiO₂@SiO₂ composite was prepared by hydrolysis method. The synthesized composites were characterized. The photocatalytic properties of the composites were investigated by degrading methyl orange with UVA irradiation. After 3 h irradiation, all of composites with different amount of titanium doping can reach 99.9%. And the optimal catalytic efficiency of the composite is obtained when the titanium doping ratio (molar ratio) is 0.58. Antibacterial effect of composites on Escherichia coli, measured by plate coating method, shows that the antibacterial properties are improved with the increase of titanium content, which reach up to 92% under UVA irradiation. Moreover, the composites also exhibit favourable antibacterial properties under visible irradiation. Though fluorescence detection of bacterium, it is proved that the reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by the composites migrate into the cells and cause the oxidative damage of the cells, which is a significant basis for the antibacterial mechanism of photocatalytic materials.

Key words: TiO₂@SiO₂ composites, photocatalysis, antibacterial, reactive oxygen species (ROS)

CLC Number:

TB332

CHEN Yi-Fan, TANG Xiao-Ning, ZHANG Bin, LUO Yong, LI Yang. TiO₂@SiO₂ Composites: Preparation and Photocatalytic Antimicrobial Performance[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2019, 34(12): 1325-1333.

Figures/Tables 15

Fig. 1 SEM images of support and composites (a) SiO2; (b) TiO2-doped SiO2

Fig. 2 EDS analysis of TiO2-doped SiO2 composites

Table 1 Analysis of element content about TiO2-doped SiO2 composites

Element	wt %	at %
Ti	28.40	13.57
Si	25.90	21.10
O	45.70	65.33

Fig. 3 XRD patterns of SiO2, TiO2 and TiO2-doped SiO2

Fig. 4 FT-IR transmission spectra of TiO2, SiO2 and TiO2- doped SiO2

Fig. 5 XPS spectra of SiO2 and TiO2-doped SiO2

Fig. 6 Particle size distributions of SiO2 (a) and TiO2-doped SiO2 (b)

Fig. 7 N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms with inserts showing pore size distributions of different samples by applying the BJH model

Table 2 BET analysis and BJH adsorption pore size of SiO2, TiO2 and TiO2-doped SiO2 composites

Sample	BET/(m²·g^-1)	BJH Pore size/nm
0.58-TiO₂@SiO₂	177	12.4
SiO₂	83	20.6
TiO₂	115	4.4

Fig. 8 Photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange by using TiO2-doped SiO2 with different Ti contents (1) 0.3-TiO2@SiO2; (2) 0.44-TiO2@SiO2; (3) 0.58-TiO2@SiO2; (4) 0.74-TiO2@SiO2; (5) 0.88-TiO2@SiO2

Fig. 9 Antimicrobial effect of SiO2, TiO2 and TiO2-doped SiO2 composites with different Ti contents on E.coli under UVA irradiation

Fig. 10 Effect of the antimicrobial property using TiO2-doped SiO2 composites with different Ti contents under UVA irradiation

Table 3 Results of antibacterial activity with different irradiations

Lamp-house	Material	E.coli-BL21
Lamp-house	Material	Number (after 24 h)	Reduction of bacteria/%
UVA	Blank	833	-
	SiO₂	788	5.4
	0.58-TiO₂@SiO₂	163	80.5
	TiO₂	586	29.6
Visible light	Blank	808	-
Visible light	0.58-TiO₂@SiO₂	198	65.5

Fig. 11 Probable antimicrobial mechanism of TiO2-doped SiO2 composites

Fig. 12 Fluorescence spectra of TiO2, SiO2 and 0.58- TiO2@SiO2 Right diagram shows the values of fluorescence with an excitation wavelength of 492 nm and an emission wavelength of 504 nm

References 38

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TiO₂@SiO₂ Composites: Preparation and Photocatalytic Antimicrobial Performance

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