One-step Preparation and Electrochemical Performance of 3D Reduced Graphene Oxide/NiO as Supercapacitor Electrodes Materials

doi:10.15541/jim20180032

Abstract

Abstract:

In this study, by using dispersions of graphene oxide (GO) and nickel nitrate (Ni(NO₃)₂·6H₂O) with different ratios as precursors, three-dimensional self-supported reduced graphene oxide/NiO composites (3D rGO/NiO) were prepared via a one-step hydrothermal method. The analysis results (XRD, SEM, etc) indicate that NiO nanoparticles are homogeneously dispersed on the surface of graphene layers. The specific capacitance of 3D rGO/NiO composite reaches 1208.8 F·g^-1 at a current density of 1 A·g^-1when the mass ratio of GO and Ni(NO₃)₂·6H₂O is 1 : 4. With the current density increasing from 0.2 to 10 A·g^-1, the specific capacitance retention of this composite is higher than 72.6%. After 10000 cycles, the specific capacitance of 3D rGO/NiO at a current density of 10 A·g^-1 remained at 93% of the initial specific capacitance. All of these demonstrated that the composite possesses good rate capability and cycle stability. The 3D rGO/NiO composite has excellent electrochemical performances when compared with pure NiO or rGO, which is attributed to the synergistic effect between NiO and rGO.

Key words: three-dimensional graphene, nickel oxide, supercapacitor, hydrothermal method, electrochemical properties

CLC Number:

O646

ZENG Yan-Fei, XIN Guo-Xiang, BULIN Chao-Ke, ZHANG Bang-Wen. One-step Preparation and Electrochemical Performance of 3D Reduced Graphene Oxide/NiO as Supercapacitor Electrodes Materials[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2018, 33(10): 1070-1076.

Figures/Tables 7

Fig. 1 Schematic illustration of the preparation of 3D rGO/NiO composite

Fig. 2 XRD patterns (a) and TGA curves (b) of samples

Fig. 3 N2 absorption-desorption isotherm (a) and pore size distribution (b) of 3D rGO, 3D rGO/NiO-1, 3D rGO/NiO-2 and 3D rGO/NiO-3 samples

Table 1 Surface properties of 3D rGO, 3D rGO/NiO-1, 3D rGO/NiO-2 and 3D rGO/NiO-3

Sample	BET surface area/(m²∙g^-1)	Total pore volume/ (cm³∙g^-1)
3D rGO	239.0	0.383
3D rGO/NiO-1	227.8	0.351
3D rGO/NiO-2	222.0	0.306
3D rGO/NiO-3	190.7	0.293

Fig. 4 XPS spectra of sample 3D rGO/NiO-2

Fig. 5 SEM images of 3D rGO (a), 3D rGO/NiO-1(b), 3D rGO/NiO-2(c), 3D rGO/NiO-3(d) with the inserts (left bottom) showing the samples photographs and the right top one in (c) showing the magnified image in red square, and TEM (e) and HRTEM (f) images of 3D rGO/NiO-2 with the insert in (e) showing SAED image

Fig. 6 CV curves of 3D rGO, 3D rGO/NiO and NiO at a scan rate of 10 mV·s-1 (a), 3D rGO/NiO-2 at different scan rates (b), GCD curves of 3D rGO/NiO-1, 3D rGO/NiO-2 and 3D rGO/NiO-3 at a current density of 1 A·g-1 (c), GCD curves of 3D rGO/NiO-2 at different current density (d), specific capacitance of 3D rGO, 3D rGO/NiO-1, 3D rGO/NiO-2, 3D rGO/NiO-3 and NiO at different current densities (e), and cycling performance of 3D rGO/NiO-2 at a current density of 10 A·g-1 after 10000 cycles (f)

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