Preparation of Phosphomolybdic Acid Coated Carbon Nanotubes and Its Supercapacitive Properties

doi:10.15541/jim20160182

Abstract

Abstract:

The phosphomolybdic acid coated carbon nanotubes (PMA@CNTs) were successfully fabricated by a facile polydopamine-assisted impregnation method, in which polydopamine can form an extraordinary adhesive interlayer to homogeneously adhere PMA on the surfaces of CNTs. The composition, structure, morphology and supercapacitive performances of the resulting PMA@CNTs hybrids were systematically characterized by a range of experimental tools including fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscope(XPS), scanning electron microscope(SEM), transmission electron microscope(TEM), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge/discharge (GCD). The PMA can homogeneously loaded onto the surface of the CNTs with the aid of superior adhesion of polydopamine. Here, the performance of the resulting PMA@CNTs hybrids as supercapacitor electrodes was investigated in a three-electrode arrangement using an aqueous electrolyte (0.5 mol/L H₂SO₄). The supercapacitor assembled with the PMA₅₀@CNTs hybrids exhibit the highest specific capacitances (511.7 F/g at 10 mV/s) and maximum energy density of 66.8 Wh/kg at power density of 1000 W/kg, based on the total mass of active materials. In addition, the supercapacitor also has excellent cycling stability retaining>100% of its specific capacitances after 1000 cycles at current density of 5 A/g. These results demonstrate a simple and scalable application of PMA@CNTs hybrids toward electrochemical energy storage.

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Key words: polydopamine, carbon nanotubes, phosphomolybdic acid, hybrids supercapacitors

CLC Number:

TQ174

ZHENG Xuan, GONG Chun-Li, LIU Hai, WANG Guang-Jin, CHENG Fan, ZHENG Gen-Wen, WEN Sheng, XIONG Chuan-Xi. Preparation of Phosphomolybdic Acid Coated Carbon Nanotubes and Its Supercapacitive Properties[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2017, 32(2): 127-134.

Figures/Tables 10

Fig. 1 Illustration of oxidative self-polymerization mechanism of dopamine[25-27] and preparation procedure of PMA@CNTs hybrids

Fig. 2 FTIR spectra of CNTs, PDA-CNTs and PMA50@CNTs

Fig. 3 XRD patterns of CNTs, PDA-CNTs and PMA50@CNTs

Fig. 4 XPS spectra of PMA50@CNTs: (a) wide scan; peak deconvolution of (b) C1s, (c) N1s, and (d) Mo3d

Table1 EDX compositions of PMA50@CNTs

Element	at/%	wt/%
C	82.99	79.93
N	3.73	5.96
O	7.05	11.37
P	1.86	0.86
M_O	2.19	1.87
Total	100.00

Fig. 5 SEM images of PMA50@CNTs (a), EDXspectra of PMA50@CNTs (b), and TEM images of PMA50@CNTs (c), (d)

Fig. 6 TGA curves of CNTs, PDA-CNTs and PMA50@CNTs

Fig. 7 (a) Cyclic voltammograms at scan rate of 10 mV/s) and (b) galvanostatic charge-dischargecyclic curves at current density of 2 A/g for PDA-CNTs, PMA0.4@CNTs, PMA2@CNTs, PMA10@CNTs andPMA50@CNTs coin cell, and (c) cyclic voltammograms at different scan rates and (d) charge/discharge curves at different current densities for PMA50@CNTs Supercapacitors in 0.5 mol/L H2SO4 electrolytes

Fig. 8 (a) Specific capacitance of the PMA50@CNT selectrode as a function of scan rate and current density and (b) cycling stability of the PMA50@CNTs electrode at a current density of 5 A/g

Fig. 9 Ragone plot of PMA50@CNTs electrodes

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