Preparation of Anatase TiO2 Nanocube with Exposed (001) Facet and Its Photocatalytic Properties

doi:10.15541/jim20160012

Abstract

Abstract:

Anatase TiO₂ single crystals with exposed (001) facets were successfully synthesized by a one-step hydrothermal route using TiF₄ as raw material. The crystal phase, morphology, microstructure, and photoabsorption of the samples were analyzed by field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectra (UV-Vis DRS). The influences of hydrothermal temperature and pH of solution on morphology of TiO₂and exposure of (001) facets were also investigated. Photocatalytic catalysts was evaluated by degradation of acid red dye. Experimental results demonstrated that exposure of (001) facets was beneficial for improving photocatalytic performance. Under ultraviolet light irradiation, TiO₂ nanocube with exposure of (001) facets ca. 33% exhibited significantly higher activity than the common TiO₂ without exposed (001) facets. The photocatalytic efficiency of the former was 1.6 times as high as that of the latter. The sample with the highest exposure of (001) facets was obtained at hydrothermal temperature of 180℃ and pH of solution 4-5. The corrosion of crystal surface would occur at hydrothermal temperature higher than 180℃. In addition, the pH of solution higher than 6 was unfavorable for the adsorption of F^- ions on TiO₂ crystals and the stabilization of (001) facets, which led to the disappearance of (001) facets.

Key words: TiO2, hydrothermal treatment, (001) facet, photocatalysis

CLC Number:

O643

WAN Jian-Feng, HU De-Sheng, LU Peng-Hui, LIN Bi-Zhou, CHEN Yi-Lin, GAO Bi-Fen. Preparation of Anatase TiO₂ Nanocube with Exposed (001) Facet and Its Photocatalytic Properties[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2016, 31(8): 845-849.

Figures/Tables 6

Fig. 1 XRD patterns of TiO2 samples synthesized at various hydrothermal temperatures(a) 160℃, (b) 180℃ and (c) 200℃. The hydrothermal treatment was kept for 20 h at pH 4

Fig. 2 SEM (a, b) and TEM (c, d) images of TiO2 nanocubes Inset of (d) shows the angle between (001) and (101) facets of the nanocube. The sample was obtained by hydrothermal treatment at 180℃ for 20 h at pH 4

Fig. 3 FE-SEM images of anatase TiO2 synthesized at different hydrothermal temperatures(a) 160℃, (b) 180℃ and (c) 200℃. The hydrothermal treatment was kept for 20 h at pH 4

Fig. 4 SEM images of TiO2 obtained with different pH(a) pH=3, (b) pH=6. The hydrothermal experiments were carried out at 180℃ for 20 h

Fig. 5 Diffuse reflectance spectra of TiO2 samples with different morphologiesMorphologies of sample A, tetragonal-dipyramid, and sample B, nanocube

Fig. 6 (a) Photodegradation of acid red dye by TiO2 samples with different morphologies and (b) specific photocatalytic activity of P25 and TiO2 synthesized at different hydrothermal temperaturesMorphologies of sample A, tetragonal-dipyramid, and sample B, nanocube

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Preparation of Anatase TiO₂ Nanocube with Exposed (001) Facet and Its Photocatalytic Properties

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