Influence of Ionic Liquids on Structure and Properties of Magnetically Separable TiO2 Photocatalytic Materials

doi:10.15541/jim20140687

Abstract

Abstract:

Magnetically separable TiO₂/CoFe₂O₄ (TCF) photocatalytic materials were prepared by Sol-Gel method with the assistance of ionic liquids [BMim]BF₄, [BPy]BF₄ and [BMim]Ac, respectively. The influence of ionic liquids on structure and properties of the magnetically separable TiO₂ was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), N₂ adsorption-desorption measurement (BET), transmission electron microscope (TEM). The results showed that anatase TiO₂ was formed in [BMim]BF₄-TCF and [BPy]BF₄-TCF after calcination at 200 ℃, while anatase TiO₂ was not formed in [BMim]Ac-TCF and TCF until the calcination temperature was increased to 400 ℃. When the calcination temperature was increased to 800 ℃, TiO₂ in [BMim]BF₄-TCF predominantly existed in the form of anatase structure (92.6%). These results indicated that BF₄^- anions in ionic liquids might reduce the crystallization temperature of anatase and improve the thermal stability of anatase at high temperatures. Samples prepared with the assistance of [BMim]BF₄ or [BPy]BF₄ exhibited larger specific surface areas (125.7 and 120.3 m²/g) than that of prepared by using [BMim]Ac (77.8 m²/g) or without addition of ionic liquid (63.7 m²/g). Photocatalytic activity of the samples was tested by photodegradation of methylene blue (MB) under simulated sunlight. MB photodegradation rates after 2 h irradiation over [BMim]BF₄-TCF, [BPy]BF₄-TCF, [BMim]Ac-TCF calcined at 400 ℃ were 96%, 87% and 64%, respectively.

Key words: ionic liquid, magnetically separable, titanium dioxide, Sol-Gel method

CLC Number:

O649

LI Yan-Chun, ZHANG Xiu-Ling, ZHAN Zhi-Bin, DI Lan-Bo. Influence of Ionic Liquids on Structure and Properties of Magnetically Separable TiO₂ Photocatalytic Materials[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2015, 30(7): 706-712.

Figures/Tables 7

Fig. 1 XRD patterns of [BMim]BF4-TCF (a), [BPy]BF4-TCF (b), [BMim]Ac-TCF (c) and TCF (d) calcined at different temperatures

Fig. 2 TEM images of [BMim]BF4-TCF (a), [BPy]BF4-TCF (b) and [BMim]Ac-TCF (c) calcined at 400 ℃

Fig. 3 Nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms (a) and pore size distribution curves (b) of different samples calcined at 400 ℃

Table 1 Structural parameters of different samples calcined at 400 ℃

Sample	Pore volume /(cm³·g^-1)	Pore diameter/nm	Surface area /(m²·g^-1)	Particle size/nm
[BMim]BF₄-TCF	0.24	7.6	125.7	7.2
[BPy]BF₄-TCF	0.23	6.6	120.3	8.5
[BMim]Ac-TCF	0.05	1.8	77.8	8.7
TCF	0.08	1.9	63.7	9.3

Fig. 4 Photocatalytic MB degradation (a), ln(c0/c) as a function of τ (b), degradation rate constants (c) of different samples calcined at 400 ℃

Fig. 5 Magnetic curves of CoFe2O4 and [BMim]BF4-TCF

Fig. 6 Recycling experiments for [BMim]BF4-TCF

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Influence of Ionic Liquids on Structure and Properties of Magnetically Separable TiO₂ Photocatalytic Materials

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