Effect of Silicon Anode Additives on Lithium Ion Batteries

doi:10.15541/jim20140633

Abstract

Abstract:

Silicon anode of lithium ion batteries was fabricated with different binders and conductive additives (acetylene black, SuperP, VulcanXC-72, BP2000), and the electrochemical performance was investigated in detail. The effect of morphology and addition amount of conductive additives on the electrochemical performance of silicon electrode were investigated. Then, the appropriate type and content of binder in the silicon electrode was optimized. The morphology of silicon electrodes were characterized by scanning electron microscope(SEM). Electrochemical performances of the silicon electrodes were measured by constant current charge-discharge and cyclic voltammetry(CV). The results shows that SuperP hasuperPlectrical conducitivity and good electrical conductivity, a suitable surface area of 75.8 m²/g and average particle size of 39.24 nm, which can improve cycling performance and rate performance of the silicon electrode. With 15wt% SuperP and 15wt% CMC, the electrode exhibits a reversible capacity of 1143.8 mAh/g after 50 cycles.

Key words: lithium ion batteries, silicon anode, conductive additives, binders

CLC Number:

TM911

FENG Ming-Yan, TIAN Jian-Huan, LIU Yuan-Yuan, SHAN Zhong-Qiang. Effect of Silicon Anode Additives on Lithium Ion Batteries[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2015, 30(6): 647-652.

Figures/Tables 7

Table 1 Surface area, average particle size, electrical conductivity of different conductive additives and electrical resistivity of electrodes with different conductive additives

Samples	AB	SuperP	VulcanXC-72	BP2000
N₂ BET surface area /(m²·g^-1)	54.55	75.80	212.30	890.60
Average particle size /nm	37.61	39.24	18.96	18.26
Electrical resistivity /(Ω·cm)	0.3995	0.2802	0.8620	0.7336
Electrical resistivity of silicon electrodes /(Ω·cm)	2.0303	1.7726	5.5808	5.3292

Fig. 1 SEM images of silicon electrodes containing 15wt% binder CMC with different conductive additives (a) Acetylene black; (b) SuperP; (c) BP2000; (d) VulcanXC-72

Fig. 2 Cyclic voltammogram curves of silicon electrodes containing 15wt% binder CMC with different conductive additives at potential scanning rate of 0.1 mV/s

Fig. 3 First charge-discharge curves (a), cycling performance at 200 mA/g (b) and rate performance (c) of silicon electrodes containing 15wt% binder CMC with different conductive additives

Fig. 4 Cycling performance of silicon electrodes containing 15wt% binder CMC with different contents of SuperP

Fig. 5 Influence of binder on the cycle performance of silicon electrodes containing 15wt% conductive SuperP (a) Different binders, (b) Different CMC content

Fig. 6 SEM images of silicon electrodes containing 15wt% conductive SuperP with different binders after 10 cycles (a) AS; (b) CMC; (c) PVDF; (d) PTFE

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