Influence of Calcination Temperature on Nano-TiO2 Photocatalyst Synthesized by Gliding Arc Plasma

doi:10.15541/jim20140260

Abstract

Abstract:

TiO₂ nanopowders with different morphologies and initial anatase contents (f_A) were synthesized by gliding arc plasma. X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and physisorption instruments were employed to investigate the effects of calcination temperature on phase composition, crystal size, morphology and specific surface area (S_BET) of the TiO₂ nanopowders. Photocatalytic oxidation of methylene blue was utilized to evaluate the activities of calcined TiO₂ nanopowders. The results indicate that the anatase-rutile transformation temperature of as-synthesized TiO₂ nanopowders is around 650℃, and the anatase-rutile transformation rate depends on the calcination temperature, morphology and the initial f_A. With the increase of calcination temperature, the anatase crystal size slightly increases and S_BET slightly decreases for spherical particles, while for non-spherical particles, the anatase crystal size increases and S_BET decreases rapidly. With the increase of f_A, the variation of photocatalytic apparent rate constant (k) of TiO₂ nanopowder presents three profiles: when f_A is below 70%, k slowly increases; when f_A ranges from 70% to 85%, k rapidly increases; when f_A is beyond 85%, k rapidly decreases.

Key words: gliding arc plasma, TiO2, photocatalyst, anatase content

CLC Number:

TQ174

LIU Shi-Xin, LI Xiao-Song, DENG Xiao-Qing, SUN Zhi-Guang, ZHU Ai-Min. Influence of Calcination Temperature on Nano-TiO₂ Photocatalyst Synthesized by Gliding Arc Plasma[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2015, 30(2): 189-194.

Figures/Tables 9

Table 1 Synthesized conditions of samples

Sample	F_air / slm	P_discharge / W	SEI / (kJ·mol^-1)
S1	1.7	75.8	56.6
S2	1.7	85.0	63.5
S3	1.7	94.6	70.6
S4	2.1	87.3	53.3
S5	3.0	88.1	38.2

Fig. 1 TEM images of sample S1(a) and sample S5(b)

Fig. 2 XRD patterns of the products of (a) S1 and (b) S5 calcined at different temperatures

Fig. 3 Effect of calcination temperature on anatase content (fA) of the samples

Fig. 4 Effect of calcination temperature on (a) dA and (b) dR of the samples

Fig. 5 Effect of calcination temperature on specific surface area of the samples

Fig. 6 TEM images of samples (a) S1 and (b) S5 calcined at 750℃

Fig. 7 ln(C/C0) versus UV irradiation time for the products from (a) S1, (b) S2, (c) S3 and (d) S4 calcined at different temperatures

Fig. 8 Apparent rate constant (k) versus anatase content (fA)

References 28

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Influence of Calcination Temperature on Nano-TiO₂ Photocatalyst Synthesized by Gliding Arc Plasma

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