Preparation and Properties of NiO/AC Asymmetric Capacitor

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1077.2014.13337

Abstract

Abstract:

The nickel oxide nanoparticles were prepared by chemical bath deposition method with NiSO₄ as raw materials and NH₃?H₂O as precipitation agent. The crystal phase, microstructure and morphology of the nickel oxide were characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), thermo gravimetric analyzer (TGA) and physical adsorption instrument. The results show that the product is porous spherical like particles with diameter of about 200 nm. Specific surface area of the nickel oxide heat-treated at 300℃ reaches 132 m²/g, with average diameter of 7.3 nm. The asymmetric capacitor with activated carbon as negative electrode and nickel oxide as positive electrode shows good performance and cycling stability. At the discharge current density of 25 mA/g, the asymmetric capacitor’s specific capacitance can reach 1039 F/g, and its’ charge-discharge efficiency is above 98%.

Key words: nanoparticles, nickel oxide, chemical bath deposition, asymmetric capacitor, activated carbon

CLC Number:

TM53

YE Xiao-Dan, HU Jian-Guan, YANG Qian, ZHENG Yi-Fan, HUANG Wan-Zhen. Preparation and Properties of NiO/AC Asymmetric Capacitor[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2014, 29(3): 250-256.

Figures/Tables 13

Fig. 1 Thermal analysis curves of the NiO precursor

Fig. 2 XRD patterns of NiO precursor and NiO after heat-treated at different temperatures

Fig. 3 Typical SEM images of NiO after heat-treated at 300℃

Fig. 4 TEM (a) and HRTEM (b) images and SAED pattern(c) of NiO after heat-treated at 300℃

Table 1 Parameters of specific surface area and pore structure of NiO after heat-treated at different temperatures

Sample	S_BET /(m²?g^-1)	V_{tot /}(cm³?g^-1)	D /nm
AC NiO-250℃	1833 80	2.11 0.11	5.4 8.9
NiO-300℃	132	0.15	7.3
NiO-350℃	112	0.15	6.5
NiO-450℃	71	0.13	8.5

Fig. 5 Pore size distribution of NiO after heat-treated at different temperatures

Fig. 6 Voltammetry characteristics of (a) AC and (b) NiO-300℃

Fig. 7 Discharge curves of NiO/AC asymmetric capacitor at current density of 25 mA/g

Fig. 8 Specific capacitance of NiO/AC asymmetric capacitor with NiO after heat-treated at different temperatures

Fig. 9 Charge-discharge curves of NiO(300℃)/AC asymmetric capacitor at different current densities

Table 2 Specific capacitance and capacity retention of NiO(300℃)/AC asymmetric capacitor at different current densities

Current density/(mA?g^-1)	Specific capacitance/(F?g^-1)	Capacity retention/%
25 50	1039 833	100.0 80.1
100	700	61.5
300	588	51.6
600	579	50.8

Fig. 10 Specific capacitance and cycling performances of NiO(300℃)/AC asymmetric capacitor

Fig. 11 Change of efficiency and specific capacitance with cycle for NiO(300℃)/AC asymmetric capacitor

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