High-performance SiO/C/G Composite Anode for Lithium Ion Batteries

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1077.2013.12678

Abstract

Abstract: Silicon monoxide/carbon/graphite (SiO/C/G) composite with high capacity and excellent cycling performance has been successfully synthesized via high-energy mechanical milling and followed pyrolysis of silicon monoxide/sucrose/natural graphite mixture. The phase composition and morphology of the samples were characterized by X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Nano-sized (<50 nm) SiO particles were bonded by amorphous carbon and homogenously dispersed on graphite flakes in the as-prepared composite. After 100 cycles, the composite electrode kept a reversible capacity of 1108.9 mAh/g with the capacity retention of 103.8%. Uniform distribution of SiO particles in the amorphous carbon matrix, better buffering effect of carbon matrix and enhanced electrical conductivity are responsible for the superior electrochemical performance.

Key words: SiO/C/G, natural graphite, anode, lithium ion battery

CLC Number:

TQ174

SHI Chang-Chuan, YANG Xue-Lin, ZHANG Lu-Lu, ZHOU Yong-Tao, WEN Zhao-Yin. High-performance SiO/C/G Composite Anode for Lithium Ion Batteries[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2013, 28(9): 943-948.

References

[1] Tarascon J M, Armand M. Issues and challenges facing rechargeable lithium batteries. Nature, 2001, 414: 359-367.

[2] Li H, Wang Z X, Chen L Q, et al. Research on advanced materials for Li-ion batteries. Adv. Mater., 2009, 219(45): 4593-4607.

[3] Kim J H, Sohn H J, Kim H, et al. Enhanced cycle performance of SiO-C composite anode for lithium-ion batteries. J. Power Sources, 2007, 170(2): 456-459.

[4] ZHANG Peng-Chang, YANG Xue-Lin, YU De-Xin, et al. Synthesis of silicon/carbon composite anode prepared by in-situ carbothermal reduction for lithium ion batteries. Chinese J. Inorg. Chem., 2011, 27(5): 898-902.

[5] Kim J H, Park C M, Kim H, et al. Electrochemical behavior of SiO anode for Li secondary batteries. J. Electroanal. Chem., 2011, 661(1): 245-249.

[6] Miyachi M, Yamamoto H, Kawai H, et al. Analysis of SiO anodes for lithium-ion batteries. J. Electrochem. Soc., 2005, 152(10): A2089-A2091.

[7] Yang J, Takeda Y, Imanishi N, et al. SiOx-based anodes for secondary lithium batteries. Solid State Ionics, 2002, 152-153(12): 125-129.

[8] Beaulieu L Y, Eberman K W, Turner R L, et al. Colossal reversible volume changes in lithium alloys. Electrochem. Solid-State Lett., 2001, 4(9): 137-140.

[9] Guo Z P, Wang J Z, Liu H K, et al. Study of silicon/polypyrrole composite as anode materials for Li-ion batteries. J. Power Sources, 2005, 146(1/2): 448-451.

[10] Kim B C, Uono H, Satou T, et al. Cyclic properties of Si-Cu/carbon nanocomposite anodes for Li-ion secondary batteries. J. Electrochem. Soc., 2005, 152(3): A523-A526.

[11] Morita T, Takami N. Nano Si cluster-SiOx-C composite material as high-capacity anode material for rechargeable lithium batteries. J. Electrochem. Soc., 2006, 153(2): A425-A430.

[12] Doh C H, Park C W, Shin H M, et al. A new SiO/C anode composition for lithium-ion battery. J. Power Sources, 2008, 179(1): 367-370.

[13] Guerfi A, Charest P, Dontigny M, et al. SiOx-graphite as negative for high energy Li-ion batteries. J. Power Sources, 2011, 196(13): 5667-5673.

[14] Yang X L, Wen Z Y, Xu X X, et al. Nanosized silicon-based composite derived by in situ mechanochemical reduction for lithium ion batteries. J. Power Sources, 2007, 164(2): 880-884.

[15] YANG Xue-Lin, ZHANG Lu-Lu, YOU Min, et al. Synthesis of Si/Sn binary lithium-storage host composite anode materials by in-situ mechanochemical reaction. Chinese J. Inorg. Chem., 2008, 24(8): 1320-1324.

[16] Zhang T, Gao J, Zhang H P, et al. Preparation and electrochemical properties of core-shell Si/SiO nanocomposite as anode material for lithium ion batteries. Electrochem. Commun., 2007, 9(5): 886-890.

[17] Hu Y S, Demir-Cakan R, Titirici M M, et al. Superior Storage performance of a Si@SiOx/C nanocomposite as anode material for lithium-ion batteries. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2008, 47(9): 1645-1649.

[18] Lee J I, Lee K T, Cho J, et al. Chemical-assisted thermal disproportionation of porous silicon monoxide into silicon-based multicomponent systems. Angew. Chem., 2012, 124(11): 2821-2825.

[19] Liu Y, Hanai K, Yang J, et al. Silicon/carbon composites as anode materials for Li-ion batteries. Electrochem. Solid-State Lett., 2004, 7(10): A369-A372.

[20] Limthongkul P, Jang Y I, Dudney N J, et al. Electrochemically-driven solid-state amorphization in lithium-silicon alloys and implications for lithium storage. Acta Mater., 2003, 51(4): 1103-1113.

[21] Martinent A, Gorrec B L, Montella C, et al. Three-electrode button cell for EIS investigation of graphite electrode. J. Power Sources, 2001, 97-98(7): 83-86.