石墨烯对环氧树脂泡沫炭石墨化、电导率和力学性能的影响

doi:10.15541/jim20230385

无机材料学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (1): 107-112.DOI: 10.15541/jim20230385

• 研究快报 • 上一篇

石墨烯对环氧树脂泡沫炭石墨化、电导率和力学性能的影响

杨平军¹^,²(), 李铁虎¹^,²(), 李昊¹^,²(), 党阿磊¹^,²

1.西北工业大学材料学院, 西安 710072
2.陕西省石墨烯新型炭材料及应用工程实验室, 西安 710072

收稿日期:2023-08-28 修回日期:2023-10-20 出版日期:2024-01-20 网络出版日期:2023-11-22
通讯作者: 李铁虎, 教授. E-mail: litiehu@nwpu.edu.cn;
李昊, 副教授. E-mail: lihao@nwpu.edu.cn
作者简介:杨平军(1991-), 博士研究生. E-mail: pjyang@mail.nwpu.edu.cn

Effect of Graphene on Graphitization, Electrical and Mechanical Properties of Epoxy Resin Carbon Foam

YANG Pingjun¹^,²(), LI Tiehu¹^,²(), LI Hao¹^,²(), DANG Alei¹^,²

1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
2. Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Graphene New Carbon Materials and Applications, Xi’an 710072, China

Received:2023-08-28 Revised:2023-10-20 Published:2024-01-20 Online:2023-11-22
Contact: LI Tiehu, professor. E-mail: litiehu@nwpu.edu.cn;
LI Hao, associate professor. E-mail: lihao@nwpu.edu.cn
About author:YANG Pingjun (1991-), PhD candidate. E-mail: pjyang@mail.nwpu.edu.cn
Supported by:
Natural Science Foundation of China(52072302);Natural Science Foundation of China(51872235);The Science and Technology Plan Project from Xi'an(22GXFW0135)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

环氧树脂基泡沫炭是一种具有三维海绵状结构的新型炭材料, 独特的网状泡孔结构使其具有高孔隙率、耐高温、耐腐蚀、导电/导热可调等性能, 应用前景广阔。但是环氧树脂的石墨化困难, 本工作以石墨烯为异质成核改性剂, 用以提高环氧树脂泡沫炭的石墨化程度、电导率和力学性能。采用简单的发泡、炭化和石墨化工艺制备了石墨烯改性环氧树脂泡沫炭。石墨烯异质成核剂诱导了泡沫炭碳微晶生长, 增加了碳晶格条纹长度, 减少了碳晶体混乱。研究表明, 不含或含质量分数0.05%石墨烯改性泡沫炭的晶面间距、晶粒堆垛高度、石墨化度分别为0.343 nm、3.35 nm、8.42%和0.342 nm、10.22 nm、23.2%。此外, 石墨烯作为晶胞成核位点会影响泡沫炭的平均晶胞尺寸, 随着石墨烯含量的增加, 泡沫炭平均晶胞尺寸先减小后增大。同时, 石墨烯改性增大了泡沫炭的有序结构, 提高了其导电性, 当石墨烯的质量分数为0.05%时, 泡沫炭电导率为53.8 S·m^-1。相对于纯泡沫炭(压缩应变为0.0096%), 质量分数0.01%、0.02%、0.05%和0.10%的石墨烯改性泡沫炭压缩应变增加至0.208%、0.228%、0.187%和0.1146%。本研究为碳纳米材料/泡沫炭制备、碳结构和性能调控提供了新的研究方法。

关键词: 泡沫炭, 石墨烯, 异质成核, 石墨化, 机械性能

Abstract:

Epoxy resin (EP CF) carbon foam is a new carbon material with a three-dimensional sponge-like structure. The EP CF has high porosity, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, and adjustable electrical/thermal conductivity, which possesses broad application prospects. However, epoxy resin is difficult to graphitize. Therefore, graphene was used as a heterogeneous nucleation modifier to improve the graphitization degree, electrical conductivity and mechanical properties of EP CF. Graphene modified EP CF was prepared by a simple process of foaming, carbonizing, and graphitizing. Graphene as heterogeneous nucleation agent induce the carbon crystallite growth in EP CF, which increases the lattice fringe length and reduces carbon crystal tangled. The results show that the interplanar spacing (d₀₀₂), grain stacking height (L_c) and graphitization degree (g) of 0 and 0.05% (in mass) graphene modified EP CF are 0.343 nm, 3.35 nm and 8.42%, 0.342 nm, 10.22 nm and 23.2%, respectively. In addition, graphene as a nucleation site affects the average cell size of EP CF. With the increase of graphene content, the average cell size of EP CF decreases firstly and then increases. Meanwhile, graphene increases the ordered structure of EP CF and improves its conductivity. When graphene is 0.05% (in mass), the conductivity of EP CF is 53.8 S·m^-1. Compared with pure EP CF (compressive strain of 0.0096%), the compressive strains of 0.01%, 0.02%, 0.05%, and 0.1% (in mass) graphene modified EP CF increases to 0.208%, 0.228%, 0.187%, and 0.1146%, respectively. This study provides new research method for the preparation, carbon structure control, and properties of carbon nanomaterial/carbon foam.

Key words: carbon foam, graphene, heterogeneous nucleation, graphitization, mechanical property

中图分类号:

TB321

杨平军, 李铁虎, 李昊, 党阿磊. 石墨烯对环氧树脂泡沫炭石墨化、电导率和力学性能的影响[J]. 无机材料学报, 2024, 39(1): 107-112.

YANG Pingjun, LI Tiehu, LI Hao, DANG Alei. Effect of Graphene on Graphitization, Electrical and Mechanical Properties of Epoxy Resin Carbon Foam[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2024, 39(1): 107-112.

图/表 10

Fig. 1 Structure parameters of EP CF modified by different contents of graphene after graphitization treatment at 3000 ℃ for 0.5 h (a) XRD patterns; (b) Raman spectra. Colorful figures are available on website

Fig. 2 SEM images of modified EP CF by different graphene contents after graphitization treatment at 3000 ℃ for 0.5 h (a, a1) EP CF0; (b, b1) EP CF0.01; (c, c1) EP CF0.02; (d, d1) EP CF0.05; (e, e1) EP CF0.1

Fig. 3 HRTEM images of EP CF and its graphitization mechanism (a) EP CF0; (b) EP CF0.05; (c) Schematic diagram of graphitization mechanism of EP CF treated at 3000 ℃for 0.5 h

Fig. 4 Electrical conductivity of EP CF modified by different contents of graphene after treatment at 3000 ℃ for 0.5 h

Fig. 5 Mechanical properties of EP CF modified by different graphene contents after graphitization at 3000 ℃ for 0.5 h (a) Compressive strength; (b) Variation of stress with strain; Colorful figures are available on website

Fig. S1 Graphene thickness analyzed by atomic force microscope

Fig. S2 (a) Preparation of graphene modified EP CF; (b) Thermogravimetric curve of epoxy resin; (c) Foaming temperature curve of green EP CF

Table S1 Crystalline parameters of EP CF modified by different graphene contents after treatment at 3000 ℃ for 0.5 h

Sample	2θ₀₀₂/(°)	d₀₀₂/nm	L_c/nm	g/%
EP CF0	25.9	0.3431	3.35	8.42
EP CF0.01	25.6	0.343	3.62	11.22
EP CF0.02	25.77	0.343	4.22	11.22
EP CF0.05	26.27	0.342	10.22	23.2
EP CF0.1	26.1	0.3425	4.46	16.5

Fig. S3 Cell sizes of different graphene contents modified EP CF prepared by graphitization treatment at 3000 ℃ for 0.5 h

Table S2 Physical, electrical and mechanical properties of EP CF modified by different graphene content after graphitization treatment at 3000 ℃ for 0.5 h

Sample	Density/(g·cm^-3)	Electrical conductivity/(S·m^-1)	Compressive strength/MPa
EP CF0	0.470	25.79	3.13
EP CF0.01	0.460	27.70	4.90
EP CF0.02	0.469	27.79	4.82
EP CF0.05	0.460	53.80	2.00
EP CF0.1	0.463	45.90	3.66

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石墨烯对环氧树脂泡沫炭石墨化、电导率和力学性能的影响

Effect of Graphene on Graphitization, Electrical and Mechanical Properties of Epoxy Resin Carbon Foam

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