无机材料学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (8): 853-864.DOI: 10.15541/jim20220019

所属专题: 【结构材料】超高温结构陶瓷

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

自蔓延高温合成氮化硅多孔陶瓷的研究进展

张叶1,2(), 曾宇平1()   

  1. 1.中国科学院 上海硅酸盐研究所 高性能陶瓷和超微结构国家重点实验室, 上海 200050
    2.中国科学院大学 材料科学与光电工程中心, 北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2022-01-13 修回日期:2022-04-12 出版日期:2022-08-20 网络出版日期:2022-04-26
  • 通讯作者: 曾宇平, 研究员. E-mail: yuping-zeng@mail.sic.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:张 叶(1994-),男,博士研究生. E-mail: zhangyezn@student.sic.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    中国科学院重点部署项目(ZDRW-CN-2019-3);国家自然科学基金青年项目(51902327)

Progress of Porous Silicon Nitride Ceramics Prepared via Self-propagating High Temperature Synthesis

ZHANG Ye1,2(), ZENG Yuping1()   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
    2. Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  • Received:2022-01-13 Revised:2022-04-12 Published:2022-08-20 Online:2022-04-26
  • Contact: ZENG Yuping, professor. E-mail: yuping-zeng@mail.sic.ac.cn
  • About author:ZHANG Ye (1994-), male, PhD candidate. E-mail: zhangyezn@student.sic.ac.cn
  • Supported by:
    Key Project of CAS(ZDRW-CN-2019-3);National Natural Science Foundation of China(51902327)

摘要:

多孔氮化硅陶瓷兼具有高气孔率和陶瓷的优异性能, 在吸声减震、过滤等领域具有非常广泛的应用。然而, 目前常规的制备方法如气压/常压烧结、反应烧结-重烧结以及碳热还原烧结存在烧结时间长、能耗高、设备要求高等不足, 导致多孔Si3N4陶瓷的制备成本居高不下。因此, 探索新的快速、低成本的制备方法具有重要意义。近年来, 采用自蔓延高温合成法直接制备多孔氮化硅陶瓷展现出巨大潜力, 其可以利用Si粉氮化的剧烈放热同时完成多孔氮化硅陶瓷的烧结。本文综述了自蔓延反应的引发以及所制备多孔氮化硅陶瓷的微观形貌、力学性能和可靠性。通过组分设计和工艺优化, 可以制备得到氮化完全、晶粒发育良好、力学性能与可靠性优异的多孔氮化硅陶瓷。此外还综述了自蔓延合成多孔Si3N4陶瓷晶界相性质与高温力学性能之间的关系, 最后展望了自蔓延高温合成多孔Si3N4陶瓷的发展方向。

关键词: 自蔓延高温合成, 氮化硅, 微观形貌, 力学性能, 综述

Abstract:

Porous silicon nitride (Si3N4) ceramics can be widely used in various fields, such as sound and shock absorption, filtration and so on, due to its high porosity and outstanding properties of ceramics. However, conventional preparation methods, such as gas-pressure/pressureless sintering, sintering reaction-bonded sintering and carbothermal reduction sintering, perform long sintering time, high energy consumption and high equipment requirements, which makes the preparation of porous Si3N4 ceramics expensive. Therefore, it is of great importance to explore a rapid and low-cost preparation method. In recent years, the direct preparation of porous Si3N4 ceramics by self-propagating high temperature synthesis (SHS) has showed great potential of which the heat released from the nitridation of Si powder could be used for the in-situ sintering of porous Si3N4 ceramics. In present paper, researches relating to the initiation of the SHS reaction, and microstructural evolution, mechanical properties, and reliability of the fabricated Si3N4 ceramics are summerized systematically. Porous Si3N4 ceramics with complete nitridation, excellent grain morphology and outstanding mechanical properties and reliability are obtained by adjusting raw materials and process parameters. Furthermore, the relationship between properties of grain boundary phase and high-temperature mechanical properties of SHS-fabricated porous Si3N4 ceramics is reviewed. Finally, the development direction of the self-propagating high temperature synthesis of porous Si3N4 ceramics is prospected.

Key words: self-propagating high-temperature synthesis, silicon nitride, microstructure, mechanical property, review

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