无机材料学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (8): 841-852.DOI: 10.15541/jim20220002
所属专题: 2022年度中国知网高下载论文
陈勇强1(), 王怡雪1, 张帆1,2, 李红霞1,3, 董宾宾4, 闵志宇4, 张锐1,4(
)
收稿日期:
2022-01-04
修回日期:
2022-03-08
出版日期:
2022-08-20
网络出版日期:
2022-03-29
通讯作者:
张 锐, 教授. E-mail: zhangray@zzu.edu.cn作者简介:
陈勇强(1991-), 男, 博士, 讲师. E-mail: chenyq@zzu.edu.cn
基金资助:
CHEN Yongqiang1(), WANG Yixue1, ZHANG Fan1,2, LI Hongxia1,3, DONG Binbin4, MIN Zhiyu4, ZHANG Rui1,4(
)
Received:
2022-01-04
Revised:
2022-03-08
Published:
2022-08-20
Online:
2022-03-29
Contact:
ZHANG Rui, professor. E-mail: zhangray@zzu.edu.cnAbout author:
CHEN Yongqiang (1991-), male, PhD, lecturer. E-mail: chenyq@zzu.edu.cn
Supported by:
摘要:
特种陶瓷广泛应用于航天航空、电子信息、新能源、机械、化工等新兴工业领域, 其高温制备过程仍以传统燃气窑炉和电加热炉为主; 碳排放高、能耗大, 节能减排形势严峻。当前, 我国面临实现“双碳”目标的巨大压力, 研究推广清洁高效的加热技术迫在眉睫。微波加热是利用材料自身对微波进行吸收, 将电磁能转化为热能, 能量的转移发生在分子水平上, 通过这种方式, 加热在整个材料内外同时产生, 整个材料体系中的温度梯度非常低。除体积加热外, 选择性加热、功率再分配、热剧变以及微波等离子效应等也是微波烧结的显著特征。微波加热具有节能环保、改善制品性能、减少燃烧碳排放等优点, 国内外有许多关于微波合成各种氧化物、碳化物、氮化物陶瓷粉体和微波烧结陶瓷复合材料的报道。本文首先对微波和微波混合烧结的基本理论进行综述, 然后介绍了微波加热制备陶瓷粉体与微波烧结制备陶瓷材料的最新研究进展, 最后总结了微波加热在陶瓷工程制品烧结中的一些研究成果, 体现出微波烧结的优越性, 并提出了微波烧结制备特种陶瓷的关键问题和今后的发展方向。
中图分类号:
陈勇强, 王怡雪, 张帆, 李红霞, 董宾宾, 闵志宇, 张锐. 微波加热制备特种陶瓷材料研究进展[J]. 无机材料学报, 2022, 37(8): 841-852.
CHEN Yongqiang, WANG Yixue, ZHANG Fan, LI Hongxia, DONG Binbin, MIN Zhiyu, ZHANG Rui. Preparation of Special Ceramics by Microwave Heating: a Review[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2022, 37(8): 841-852.
图2 微波热解制备α-Al2O3粉体的保温结构示意图[44]
Fig. 2 Schematic diagram of the insulation structure of α-Al2O3 powder prepared by microwave pyrolysis[44] (1—High alumina lightweight mullite foam brick head cover; 2—95 alumina crucible; 3—High alumina lightweight mullite foam brick insulation cylinder; 4—SiC auxiliary heating rods; 5—Infrared thermometer hole)
图3 两种前驱体粉料在不同温度下微波热解所得样品的SEM照片[44]
Fig. 3 SEM images of samples obtained from microwave pyrolysis of two precursor powders at different temperatures [44] (a) Aluminum ammonium sulfate dodecahydrate as prcursor, (b) Aluminum hydroxide as precursor
图4 不同微波热解温度和750 ℃常规热解获得氧化锆粉体的SEM照片[45]
Fig. 4 SEM images of zirconia powders obtained at different microwave pyrolysis temperatures and conventional pyrolysis at 750 ℃[45] (a) 700 ℃; (b) 750 ℃; (c) 800 ℃; (d) 850 ℃; (e) 900 ℃; (f) conventional pyrolysis at 750 ℃
图6 微波加热至1100 ℃并保温30 min, 合成SiC晶体的SEM照片[56]
Fig. 6 SEM images of the synthesized SiC crystals by microwave heating at 1100 ℃ and holding for 30 min[56] (a) Spatial growth of SiC crystals; (b) SiC transistors; (c) SEM images of SiC whiskers at (c) low magnification and (d) high magnification
图7 不同温度微波加热合成KNN的XRD图谱和SEM照片[61]
Fig. 7 XRD patterns and SEM images of KNN synthesized by microwave heating at different temperatures[61] (a) 650 ℃; (b) 700 ℃; (c) 750 ℃; (d) 800 ℃
图8 Na2CO3含量对1600 ℃微波烧结得到的样品表面形貌的影响[63]
Fig. 8 Effect of Na2CO3 content on the surface morphology of the samples obtained by microwave sintering at 1600 ℃[63] (a) 3%; (b) 5%; (c) 7%; (d) 9%
图9 1550 ℃烧结3Y-ZrO2陶瓷的断口SEM照片[70]
Fig. 9 SEM images of fracture of 3Y-ZrO2 ceramic after sintering at 1550 ℃[70] (a, c) Microwave sintering; (b, d) Conventional sintering
图10 不同摩尔分数La2O3掺杂ZTA陶瓷的SEM照片[31]
Fig. 10 SEM images of ZTA ceramics doped with different molar contents of La2O3[31] (a-d) Microwave sintering at 1550℃ for 30 min at La2O3 content of (a) 0, (b) 1.5%, (c) 3%, and (d) 5%; (e) Conventional sintering at 1600℃ for 3 h at La2O3 content of 1.5%
图11 不同温度下微波烧结Al2O3-SiC (~5 μm)试样的断口形貌[86]
Fig. 11 Fracture morphologies of Al2O3-SiC (~5 μm) specimens sintered by microwave at different temperatures[86] (a) 1350 ℃; (b) 1400 ℃; (c) 1450 ℃; (d) 1500 ℃
图13 氧化锆陶瓷环微波烧结前(左)后(右)实物对比照片及烧结后的XRD图谱[88]
Fig. 13 Comparison picture of zirconia ceramic ring before (left) and after (right) microwave sintering, and its XRD pattern after sintering[88]
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