干法后处理含盐废物陶瓷固化技术研究进展

doi:10.15541/jim20190527

无机材料学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (3): 271-276.DOI: 10.15541/jim20190527

所属专题： 2020年环境材料论文精选(一)放射性元素去除

干法后处理含盐废物陶瓷固化技术研究进展

刘雅兰¹,柴之芳²,石伟群¹()

^1. 中国科学院高能物理研究所, 北京 100049
^2. 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所, 宁波 315201

收稿日期:2019-10-15 修回日期:2019-12-01 出版日期:2020-03-20 网络出版日期:2019-12-04
作者简介:刘雅兰(1982-), 女, 副研究员. E-mail: liuyalan@ihep.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(21790373);国家自然科学基金(51604252)

Ceramic Solidification of Salt-containing Waste from Pyrochemical Reprocessing of Spent Nuclear Fuel

LIU Yalan¹,CHAI Zhifang²,SHI Weiqun¹()

^1. Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
^2. Ningbo Institute of Industrial Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China

Received:2019-10-15 Revised:2019-12-01 Published:2020-03-20 Online:2019-12-04
About author:LIU Yalan(1982-), female, associate professor. E-mail: liuyalan@ihep.ac.cn
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(21790373);National Natural Science Foundation of China(51604252)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

对于未来先进核燃料循环系统, 基于熔盐电解的干法后处理技术是一种最具发展前景且可靠性好的后处理技术。对干法后处理各环节产生的含盐废物进行陶瓷固化处理, 使之以稳定的废物形式在地质处置库中长期处置, 是干法后处理最终实现工业化应用的重要保障。本文针对目前国际上主要的干法后处理废物陶瓷固化技术研究进展进行综述, 重点介绍熔盐电解还原和电解精炼过程产生的含盐废物陶瓷固化技术的研究进展。

关键词: 干法后处理, 含盐废物, 陶瓷固化, 熔盐电解, 综述

Abstract:

For the future advanced nuclear fuel cycle system, pyrochemical technology based on molten salt electrolysis is generally considered to be one of the most promising and reliable reprocessing technologies. The salt-containing waste generated in each step of the pyrochemical process needs to be converted into a ceramic waste form, which can be stably disposed in a long term manner in deep geological repository. This is of pivotal importance for the scale-up and industrialization of molten salt electrolysis based pyrochemical processing. In this review, the current research progresses of ceramic solidification technology in main nuclear energy countries with respect to salt-containing wastes were summarized and reviewed, with emphasis on ceramic solidifications of salt-containing wastes from electro-reduction process in LiCl-based salt and electro-refining process in LiCl-KCl salt. In addition, future perspectives in this field are also given.

Key words: pyrochemical technology, salt-containing waste, ceramic solidification, molten salt electrolysis, review

中图分类号:

TL24

刘雅兰, 柴之芳, 石伟群. 干法后处理含盐废物陶瓷固化技术研究进展[J]. 无机材料学报, 2020, 35(3): 271-276.

LIU Yalan, CHAI Zhifang, SHI Weiqun. Ceramic Solidification of Salt-containing Waste from Pyrochemical Reprocessing of Spent Nuclear Fuel[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2020, 35(3): 271-276.

图/表 4

图1 干法后处理流程中产生的废盐

Fig. 1 Waste salt produced in the pyrochemical process

图2 陶瓷废物制备流程示意图[6]

Fig. 2 Schematic flowsheet for ceramic waste preparation process[6]

图3 溶液基-方钠石合成方法示意图[24]

Fig. 3 Schematic of the simplified solution-based process[24]

图4 KAERI凝固工艺流程脱氯-氯化反应系统

Fig. 4 KAERI solidification process flow-sheet consisting of dechlorination-chlorination reaction system

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干法后处理含盐废物陶瓷固化技术研究进展

Ceramic Solidification of Salt-containing Waste from Pyrochemical Reprocessing of Spent Nuclear Fuel

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