等通道转角挤压制备Ag/Ti3AlC2复合材料及其热处理研究

doi:10.15541/jim20190242

无机材料学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (1): 46-52.DOI: 10.15541/jim20190242

所属专题： MAX相和MXene材料；结构陶瓷论文精选(2020)；【虚拟专辑】层状MAX，MXene及其他二维材料

等通道转角挤压制备Ag/Ti₃AlC₂复合材料及其热处理研究

汪丹丹¹,田无边¹(),丁健翔²,马爱斌³,张培根¹,何炜¹,孙正明¹()

^1. 东南大学材料科学与工程学院, 南京 211189
^2. 安徽工业大学材料科学与工程学院, 马鞍山 243002
^3. 河海大学材料科学与工程学院, 南京 210098

收稿日期:2019-05-23 修回日期:2019-06-24 出版日期:2020-01-20 网络出版日期:2019-09-12
作者简介:汪丹丹(1990-), 女, 博士研究生. E-mail:ddwang1111@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(51731004);国家自然科学基金(51671054);中央高校基本科研专项资金(2242019K40056);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20181285)

Ag/Ti₃AlC₂ Composites Prepared by Equal Channel Angular Pressing Followed by Heat Treatment

WANG Dan-Dan¹,TIAN Wu-Bian¹(),DING Jian-Xiang²,MA Ai-Bin³,ZHANG Pei-Gen¹,HE Wei¹,SUN Zheng-Ming¹()

^1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
^2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma’anshan 243002, China
^3. College of Mechanics and Materials, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China

Received:2019-05-23 Revised:2019-06-24 Published:2020-01-20 Online:2019-09-12
About author:WANG Dan-Dan(1990-), female, PhD candidate. E-mail:ddwang1111@163.com
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(51731004);National Natural Science Foundation of China(51671054);Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities in China(2242019K40056);Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20181285)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用等通道转角挤压(Equal Channel Angular Pressing, ECAP)并结合热处理制备了Ag/Ti₃AlC₂复合材料。通过XRD、SEM分析物相和形貌, 探讨了不同热处理条件下Ag/Ti₃AlC₂材料的电阻率和力学性能。结果表明: 采用ECAP可以明显致密化Ag/Ti₃AlC₂疏松坯体, 且在ECAP的剪切作用下, 层片状Ti₃AlC₂颗粒沿基面分层并按一定方向排列。Ti₃AlC₂的定向排列使材料性能呈现各向异性: 垂直于Ti₃AlC₂排列方向时, Ag/Ti₃AlC₂材料的电阻率和压缩强度更高。后续热处理提升了Ag/Ti₃AlC₂的电阻率和压缩强度, 并发现在800 ℃时增幅显著。这主要归因于Ag与Ti₃AlC₂在高温下明显增强的界面反应。本研究表明采用ECAP方法可以在致密化Ag/MAX复合材料的同时调控其显微组织, 而结合热处理可以进一步调控界面反应并优化材料性能。

关键词: 等通道转角挤压, Ag/Ti₃AlC₂, 取向, 热处理

Abstract:

Equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) followed by heat treatment was carried out to prepare Ag/Ti₃AlC₂composites. Effects of heat treatment on the electrical resistivities and mechanical properties of the Ag/Ti₃AlC₂composites were investigated. Results show that ECAP effectively densifies the Ag/Ti₃AlC₂compacts, and layered Ti₃AlC₂ particles are delaminated and aligned due to shearing effect during ECAP. Alignment of Ti₃AlC₂ particles resulted in anisotropy of electrical and mechanical properties of the composites. Perpendicular to the alignment of Ti₃AlC₂ particles displayed high resistivity and compressive strength. Moreover, resistivity and compressive strength increased with following heat treatment, yielding the maximum at 800 ℃. These increments are attributed to the enhanced interfacial reactions between Ag and Ti₃AlC₂ at high temperatures. Findings in this study indicate that densification and microstructural control of Ag/MAX composites can be achieved simultaneously by ECAP, while the following heat treatment can tailor their properties.

Key words: equal channel angular pressing (ECAP), Ag/Ti₃AlC₂, alignment, heat treatment

中图分类号:

TB333

汪丹丹, 田无边, 丁健翔, 马爱斌, 张培根, 何炜, 孙正明. 等通道转角挤压制备Ag/Ti₃AlC₂复合材料及其热处理研究[J]. 无机材料学报, 2020, 35(1): 46-52.

WANG Dan-Dan, TIAN Wu-Bian, DING Jian-Xiang, MA Ai-Bin, ZHANG Pei-Gen, HE Wei, SUN Zheng-Ming. Ag/Ti₃AlC₂ Composites Prepared by Equal Channel Angular Pressing Followed by Heat Treatment[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2020, 35(1): 46-52.

图/表 12

图1 ECAP过程示意图 (a) Al can and Ag/Ti3AlC2 compact; (b, c) Operation procedures of rotary-die ECAP

Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of ECAP process

图2 原料的SEM照片 (a) Ag powders; (b) Ti3AlC2 powders

Fig. 2 SEM images of raw materials

图3 Ag/Ti3AlC2 ECAP后未热处理和400、600、700及800 ℃热处理的XRD图谱

Fig. 3 XRD patterns of ECAPed Ag/Ti3AlC2 samples without and with heat treatment at 400, 600, 700, 800 ℃

图4 ECAPed Ag/Ti3AlC2未热处理样品的微观组织形貌 (a) Optical micrograph; (b) SEM image

Fig. 4 Microstructure of the ECAPed Ag/Ti3AlC2 sample

图5 Ti3AlC2颗粒的长宽比分布图 (a) Un-ECAPed; (b) ECAPed Ag/Ti3AlC2 sample

Fig. 5 Aspect ratio distributions of Ti3AlC2 particles

图6 Ag/Ti3AlC2 ECAP后在不同热处理条件下的SEM照片 (a) 400 ℃; (b) 600 ℃; (c) 700 ℃; (d) 800 ℃

Fig. 6 SEM images of the ECAPed Ag/Ti3AlC2 heat-treated at different temperatures

图7 Ag/Ti3AlC2 ECAP后的相对密度

Fig. 7 Relative density of the ECAPed Ag/Ti3AlC2 samples

图8 Ag/Ti3AlC2 ECAP后平行和垂直于Ti3AlC2颗粒取向的电阻率

Fig. 8 Resistivity of the ECAPed Ag/Ti3AlC2 samples tested parallel to and perpendicular to the alignment of Ti3AlC2 particles

图9 Ag/Ti3AlC2 ECAP后的维氏硬度

Fig. 9 Vickers hardness of the ECAPed Ag/Ti3AlC2 samples

图10 Ag/Ti3AlC2 ECAP后平行和垂直于Ti3AlC2颗粒取向时的压缩应力-应变曲线

Fig. 10 Compressive stress-strain curves of the ECAPed Ag/Ti3AlC2 samples tested parallel and perpendicular to the alignment of Ti3AlC2 particles

表1 Ag/Ti3AlC2 ECAP后最大压缩强度和应变量

Table 1 The maximum compressive strength and strain of the ECAPed Ag/Ti3AlC2 compacts

Heat treatment	Loaded // alignment		Loaded ^ alignment
Heat treatment	σ_M/MPa	ε_M/%	σ_M/MPa	ε_M/%
N/A	287.5	23.9	336.9	29.2
600 ℃	366.1	28.9	400.0	29.8
800 ℃	519.2	37.9	784.0	52.8

表2 Ag/10wt% MAX复合材料的基本物理性能

Table 2 Basic physical propery of Ag/10wt% MAX composites

Ag/MAX	Preparation method	Relative density/%	Resistivity/ (×10^-9, Ω·m)	Vickers hardness/HV	Maximum compressive strength and strain	Ref.
Ag/Ti₃AlC₂	ECAPed at 37 MPa +800 ℃, 2 h	(97.8±0.8)	(65.1±1)(//alignment) (78.5±1)(⊥alignment)	(79±5)	519 MPa, 37.9% (loaded // alignment) 784 MPa, 52.8% (loaded ^ alignment)	This work
Ag/Ti₃AlC₂	Compacted at 800 MPa+800 ℃, 2 h	(96.0±0.4)	(60.6±1)	(95±5)	(446±15) MPa, (32.9±2.8)%	[6]
Ag/Ti₃AlC₂	Compacted at 800 MPa+800 ℃, 2 h +ECAPed at 37 MPa	(99.8±0.2)	(59.3±1)(//alignment) (70.2±1)(⊥alignment)	(132±5)	(656±17) MPa, (30.3±2.7)% (loaded // alignment) (805±19) MPa, (43.8±2.2)% (loaded ^ alignment)	[6]
Ag/Ti₃SiC₂	Compacted at 800 MPa+950 ℃, 1 h	(95.0)	(27.6±0.2)	(56)	N/A	[7]
Ag/Ti₂AlC	Compacted at 800 MPa+800 ℃, 2 h	(95.7)	(79.5)	(88)	N/A	[10]
Ag/Ti₂SnC	Compacted at 800 MPa+800 ℃, 2 h	(95.0)	(118.3)	(75)	N/A	[9]

参考文献 24

[1]	DING J X, SUN Z M, ZHANG P G , et al. Current research status and outlook of Ag-based contact materials. Materials Reports, 2018,32(1):58-66. DOI URL PMID
[2]	SUN Z M . Progress in research and development on MAX phases: a family of layered ternary compounds. International Materials Reviews, 2011,56(3):143-166. DOI URL
[3]	DING J X, TIAN W B, ZHANG P G , et al. Arc erosion behavior of Ag/Ti₃AlC₂ electrical contact materials. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2018,740:669-676. DOI URL
[4]	LIU M M, CHEN J L, CUI H , et al. Ag/Ti₃AlC₂ composites with high hardness, high strength and high conductivity. Materials Letters, 2018,213:269-273. DOI URL
[5]	DING J X, TIAN W B, WANG D D , et al. Corrosion and degradation mechanism of Ag/Ti₃AlC₂ composites under dynamic electric arc discharging. Corrosion Science, 2019,156:147-160. DOI URL
[6]	WANG D D, TIAN W B, MA A B , et al. Anisotropic properties of Ag/Ti₃AlC₂ electrical contact materials prepared by equal channel angular pressing. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2019,784:431-438. DOI URL
[7]	ZHANG M, TIAN W B, ZHANG P G , et al. Microstructure and properties of Ag-Ti₃SiC₂ contact materials prepared by pressureless sintering. International Journal of Minerals. Metallurgy, and Materials, 2018,25(7):810-816. DOI URL
[8]	DING J X, TIAN W B, ZHANG P G , et al. Preparation and arc erosion properties of Ag/Ti₂SnC composites under electric arc discharging. Journal of Advanced Ceramics, 2019,8(1):90-101. DOI URL
[9]	DING J X, TIAN W B, WANG D D , et al. Microstructure evolution, oxidation behavior and corrosion mechanism of Ag/Ti₂SnC composite during dynamic electric arc discharging. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2019,785:1086-1096. DOI URL
[10]	DING J X, TIAN W B, WANG D D , et al. Arc erosion and degradation mechanism of Ag/Ti₂AlC composite. Acta Metallurgica Sinica, 2019,55(5):627-637. DOI URL
[11]	AFONIN M P, BOIKO A V . Effect of structural anisotropy on contact properties in a silver-graphite composite. Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics, 2005,44(1):84-87. DOI URL
[12]	XU C, YI D, WU C , et al. Microstructures and properties of silver- based contact material fabricated by hot extrusion of internal oxidized Ag-Sn-Sb alloy powders. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 2012,538:202-209. DOI URL
[13]	CHEN YL, YANG CF, YEH JW , et al. A novel process for fabricating electrical contact SnO₂/Ag composites by reciprocating extrusion. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions a-Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science, 2005,36A(9):2441-2447.
[14]	BALOG M, SIMANCIK F, BAJANA O , et al. ECAP vs. direct extrusion-techniques for consolidation of ultra-fine Al particles. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 2009,504(1):1-7. DOI URL
[15]	SEGAL V M . Materials processing by simple shear. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 1995,197(2):157-164. DOI URL PMID
[16]	MA A, NISHIDA Y, SUZUKI K , et al. Characteristics of plastic deformation by rotary-die equal-channel angular pressing. Scripta Materialia, 2005,52(6):433-437. DOI URL PMID
[17]	HAGHIGHI R D, JAHROMI S A J, MORESEDGH A , et al. A comparison between ECAP and conventional extrusion for consolidation of aluminum metal matrix composite. Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, 2012,21(9):1885-1892. DOI URL
[18]	DERAKHSHANDEH H R, JAHROMI A J . An investigation on the capability of equal channel angular pressing for consolidation of aluminum and aluminum composite powder. Materials & Design, 2011,32(6):3377-3388. DOI URL PMID
[19]	LAPOVOK R . Damage evolution under severe plastic deformation. International Journal of Fracture, 2002,115(2):159-172. DOI URL
[20]	NAGASEKHAR A V, TICK-HON Y, RAMAKANTH K S . Mechanics of single pass equal channel angular extrusion of powder in tubes. Applied Physics A-Materials Science & Processing, 2006,85(2):185-194. DOI URL PMID
[21]	LIU M, CHEN J, CUI H , et al. Temperature-driven deintercalation and structure evolution of Ag/Ti₃AlC₂ composites. Ceramics International, 2018,44(15):18129-18134. DOI URL
[22]	SU L Y, WANG P F, XU Z B , et al. Oscillatory shear-induced alignment of ketjen black conductive particles in polylactic acid and its effect on the electrical anisotropy. Journal of Polymer Science Part B-Polymer Physics, 2016,54(3):369-373. DOI URL
[23]	XU W X, JIA M K, GONG Z . Thermal conductivity and tortuosity of porous composites considering percolation of porous network: from spherical to polyhedral pores. Composites Science and Technology, 2018,167:134-140. DOI URL
[24]	BARSOUM M W . The M_n₊₁AX_n phases: a new class of solids; thermodynamically stable nanolaminates. Progress in Solid State Chemistry, 2000,28(1-4):201-281. DOI URL

等通道转角挤压制备Ag/Ti₃AlC₂复合材料及其热处理研究

Ag/Ti₃AlC₂ Composites Prepared by Equal Channel Angular Pressing Followed by Heat Treatment

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

被引次数

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 12

参考文献 24

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	吴爽, 苟燕子, 王永寿, 宋曲之, 张庆雨, 王应德. 高温热处理对国产KD-SA型SiC纤维组成结构与力学性能的影响[J]. 无机材料学报, 2023, 38(5): 569-576.
[2]	张硕, 付前刚, 张佩, 费杰, 李伟. C/C多孔体的高温热处理对C/C-SiC复合材料摩擦磨损行为的影响[J]. 无机材料学报, 2023, 38(5): 561-568.
[3]	安文然, 黄晶琪, 卢祥荣, 蒋佳宁, 邓龙辉, 曹学强. 热处理温度对LaMgAl₁₁O₁₉涂层热/力学性能的影响[J]. 无机材料学报, 2022, 37(9): 925-932.
[4]	祝泉, 胡建宝, 杨金山, 周海军, 董绍明. 采用定向SiC纳米线烧结制备高强多孔SiC陶瓷[J]. 无机材料学报, 2021, 36(5): 547-551.
[5]	朱勇, 顾军, 于涛, 何海佟, 姚睿. 铂钴合金纳米电催化剂的制备及性能研究[J]. 无机材料学报, 2021, 36(3): 299-305.
[6]	魏玉全,杨勇,刘盟,郦其乐,黄政仁. 高温热处理对SiBCN/HfC复相陶瓷物相组成及微观结构的影响[J]. 无机材料学报, 2020, 35(8): 931-938.
[7]	张博,张宁,杨建华,兰建成,王金渠. 两步晶化制备高性能a&b取向T型沸石膜[J]. 无机材料学报, 2020, 35(8): 939-946.
[8]	王志虎,张菊梅,白力静,张国君. AZ31镁合金微弧氧化陶瓷层表面Mg(OH)₂膜层的制备及耐蚀性[J]. 无机材料学报, 2020, 35(6): 709-716.
[9]	付亚康,翁杰,刘耀文,张科宏. 钛网表面含hBMP-2的复合涂层制备及hBMP-2的释放研究[J]. 无机材料学报, 2020, 35(2): 173-178.
[10]	廖春景, 董绍明, 靳喜海, 胡建宝, 张翔宇, 吴惠霞. 沉积温度及热处理对低压化学气相沉积氮化硅涂层的影响[J]. 无机材料学报, 2019, 34(11): 1231-1237.
[11]	王雅, 索红莉, 毛磊, 刘敏, 马麟, 王毅, KAUSARShaheen, 周宇琦. Nb掺杂YBCO薄膜钉扎机理的研究[J]. 无机材料学报, 2019, 34(10): 1055-1059.
[12]	郑海亚, 孟晨曦, 胡冬力, 顾辉, 刘海涛, 张国军. 织构化ZrB₂-SiC超高温陶瓷中取向关系的EBSD研究[J]. 无机材料学报, 2018, 33(4): 380-384.
[13]	王浩, 罗永春, 邓安强, 赵磊, 姜婉婷. 退火温度对无镁La-Y-Ni系A₂B₇型合金相结构和电化学性能的影响[J]. 无机材料学报, 2018, 33(4): 434-440.
[14]	屈婧婧, 魏星, 刘飞, 袁昌来, 陈国华, 黄先培. 热处理对Mg-Al-Si-Ti-B系微晶玻璃析晶及介电性能的影响[J]. 无机材料学报, 2018, 33(12): 1309-1315.
[15]	李姝玲, 原鲜霞, 孔海川, 徐进, 马紫峰. Fe-PPy-TsOH/C用作质子交换膜燃料电池氧电极催化剂的研究[J]. 无机材料学报, 2017, 32(4): 393-399.