超疏水复合海绵材料的制备及在油水分离的应用

doi:10.15541/jim20190181

无机材料学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (4): 475-481.DOI: 10.15541/jim20190181

超疏水复合海绵材料的制备及在油水分离的应用

张颖^1,²,张骞^1,²,张瑞阳²,刘帅卓²,范雷倚²,周莹^1,²

1. 西南石油大学油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室, 成都 610500
2. 西南石油大学材料科学与工程学院, 新能源材料及技术研究中心, 成都 610500

收稿日期:2019-04-28 修回日期:2019-06-06 出版日期:2020-04-20 网络出版日期:2019-07-23
作者简介:张颖(1993-), 女, 硕士研究生. E-mail: zhangying0510@139.com
基金资助:
四川省国际科技合作与交流研发项目(2017HH0030);四川省青年科技创新研究团队专项计划(2016TD0011);四川省学术和技术带头人培养基金;国家自然科学基金石油化工联合基金(U1862111)

Preparation of Superhydrophobic Composites Sponge and Its Application in Oil-water Separation

ZHANG Ying^1,²,ZHANG Qian^1,²,ZHANG Ruiyang²,LIU Shuaizhuo²,Fan Leiyi²,ZHOU Ying^1,²

1. State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
2. The Center of New Energy Materials and Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China

Received:2019-04-28 Revised:2019-06-06 Published:2020-04-20 Online:2019-07-23
Supported by:
Sichuan Provincial International Cooperation Project(2017HH0030);Innovative Research Team of Sichuan Province(2016TD0011);Sichuan Provincial Academic and Technical Leaders Training Funding;National Natural Science Foundation Petrochemical Joint Fund(U1862111)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

含油污水的治理已经成为世界性的难题, 如何有效分离油水混合物成为亟待解决的问题。本研究通过绿色环保、简单浸蘸的表面修饰法, 以三聚氰胺海绵(MS)作为基底材料, 选择氧化石墨烯溶液(GO)与聚四氟乙烯浓缩分散液(PTFE)的混合液对MS改性, 成功制备出性能优异的超疏水材料(GPMS)。采用X射线衍射仪(XRD), 热重分析仪(TG)、傅立叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对制备的GPMS进行结构、形貌和组分分析, 并对其表面浸润性、压缩循环性、选择吸附性能以及连续油水乳浊液分离性能进行了系统研究。结果表明, 制备的GPMS具有超疏水性(疏水角可达168°); 机械性能优越, 可以完成50次压缩循环实验; 能够选择性地吸附水上浮油与水下重油, 还可对油水乳浊液实现高效分离, 是一种具有实际应用价值的含油污水治理材料。

关键词: 三聚氰胺海绵, 超疏水, 油水乳浊液分离, 含油污水

Abstract:

The treatment of oily wastewater has become a worldwide problem. How to effectively separate the oil-water mixture has become an urgent problem to be solved. Here, the environmental friendly and simple dipping surface modification method was used to modify the melamine sponge (MS) by using a mixture of graphene oxide (GO) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and superhydrophobic material (GPMS) was successfully prepared. Structure, morphology and composition of the obtained GPMS were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric (TG), Fourier transform infrared spectroscope (FT-IR), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Its surface wettability, compression cycle, selective adsorption performance, and continuous oil-water emulsion separation performance were systematically studied. The results show that the GPMS is superhydrophobic with hydrophobic angle up to 168°. It can undertake 50 compression cycles, selectively adsorb both floating oil and underwater heavy oil, and efficiently separate oil-water emulsion. Therefore, the GPMS is a kind of potentially applicative oil pollution control material.

Key words: melamine sponge, superhydrophobic, oil-water emulsion separation, oily wastewater

中图分类号:

O647

张颖,张骞,张瑞阳,刘帅卓,范雷倚,周莹. 超疏水复合海绵材料的制备及在油水分离的应用[J]. 无机材料学报, 2020, 35(4): 475-481.

ZHANG Ying,ZHANG Qian,ZHANG Ruiyang,LIU Shuaizhuo,Fan Leiyi,ZHOU Ying. Preparation of Superhydrophobic Composites Sponge and Its Application in Oil-water Separation[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2020, 35(4): 475-481.

图/表 9

图1 MS、GO和GPMS的XRD图谱

Fig. 1 XRD patterns of MS, GO and GPMS

图2 MS和GPMS的热重曲线

Fig. 2 TG curve of MS and GPMS

图3 MS、PTFE、GO和GPMS的红外光谱图

Fig. 3 FT-IR spectra of MS, PTFE, GO and GPMS

图4 MS(a,b)和GPMS(c,d)的SEM照片

Fig. 4 SEM images of MS(a,b) and GPMS(c,d) (b,d): corresponding enlarge images

图5 a)水滴和油滴在MS与GPMS表面的形貌及水滴与GPMS表面的接触角, b)GPMS在外力作用下挤压到水中的过程图, c)水滴持续滴在GPMS表面的过程图

Fig. 5 a) Pictures of oil and water droplets (dyed by methylene blue) on the surface of MS and GPMS, and contact angle between GPMS and water; b) Photographs of GPMS being immersed in water under an external force and freely; c) The process pictures of the water droplet fell on GPMS surface

图6 (a)GPMS样品的扭曲挤压照片; (b)尺子按压GPMS样品过程照片; (c)当ε=50%时, GPMS的循环压缩应力-应变曲线

Fig. 6 (a) Distorted extrusion pictures of GPMS; (b) Process picture of steel rule pressed GPMS; (c) Stress-strain curves of GPMS over for 50 cycles (50% strain)

图7 GPMS选择性吸附(a)水上浮油和(b)水下重油(CCl4)的过程照片

Fig. 7 Selective adsorption of GPMS for (a) floating pump oil and (b) for oil (CCl4) underwater

图8 甲苯-水乳浊液(a)分离前和(b)分离后对比照片; 甲苯-水乳浊液(c)分离前和(d)分离后显微镜照片

Fig. 8 Comparison of toluene-water emulsion (a) before and (b) after separation; Micrographs of toluene-water emulsion (c) before and (d) after separation

图9 (a,b)甲苯-水乳浊液分离过程; (c)甲苯-水乳浊液分离前后溶液显微镜对比照片; (d~f)甲苯-水乳浊液连续分离过程照片

Fig. 9 (a,b) Toluene-water emulsion separation process; (c) Micrograph contrast before and after separation of toluene-water emulsion; (d-f) Continuous separation of toluene-water emulsion

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超疏水复合海绵材料的制备及在油水分离的应用

Preparation of Superhydrophobic Composites Sponge and Its Application in Oil-water Separation

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