基于石墨烯的电磁波损耗材料研究进展

doi:10.15541/jim20180178

无机材料学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (12): 1259-1273.DOI: 10.15541/jim20180178

• 综述 • 下一篇

基于石墨烯的电磁波损耗材料研究进展

康越^1,2, 原博³, 马天², 楚增勇⁴, 张政军¹

1. 清华大学材料学院, 北京 100084;
2. 军事科学院军需工程技术研究所, 北京 100010;
3. 军事科学院防化研究院, 北京100010;
4. 国防科技大学文理学院, 长沙 410073

收稿日期:2018-04-25 修回日期:2018-07-04 出版日期:2018-12-20 网络出版日期:2018-11-27
作者简介:康越(1989-), 男, 工程师, 博士研究生. E-mail: goodluckky@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(11404397)

Development of Microwave Absorbing Materials Based on Graphene

KANG Yue^1,2, YUAN Bo³, MA Tian², CHU Zeng-Yong⁴, ZHANG Zheng-Jun¹

1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
2. Quartermaster Equipment Research Institute, Academy of Military Sciences PLA China, Beijing 100010, China;
3. Chemical Defense Institute of China, Academy of Military Sciences PLA China, Beijing 100010, China;
4. College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China

Received:2018-04-25 Revised:2018-07-04 Published:2018-12-20 Online:2018-11-27
About author:KANG Yue. E-mail: goodluckky@163.com
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (11404397)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着军事装备隐身伪装需求的迅速增长, 石墨烯基电磁波损耗材料成为科学研究的热点。本文总结了石墨烯基电磁波损耗材料的研究进展, 详细介绍了石墨烯与其它碳系材料、金属纳米材料、铁氧体材料、导电高聚物材料及非金属材料复合而成的二元、三元及以上多元石墨烯基电磁波损耗材料。简要阐述了电磁波损耗机理, 着重讨论了石墨烯基电磁波损耗材料的微观结构、组分数量及不同损耗机制对吸波性能的影响, 展望了石墨烯基电磁波损耗材料的研究重点和发展方向。

关键词: 石墨烯, 石墨烯复合吸波材料, 吸波性能, 综述

Abstract:

Nowadays, electromagnetic interference receives great attention for wireless communication and charging, electronic device, and modern weapons. Materials and the various novelty structures are required and designed to absorb the emitted electromagnetic wave energy and to minimize reflection of the electromagnetic wave in certain direction. Development of graphene-based electromagnetic absorption materials are reviewed, consisting of composition materials with other carbon materials, nano-metal materials, ferrite materials, polymer materials, and non-metallic materials. The electromagnetic absorption mechanisms is briefly described and the influences of microstructure, fraction and loss mechanism on the absorption properties are discussed. The future of graphene-based electromagnetic absorption materials is also prospected.

Key words: graphene, electromagnetic wave absorbing materials, absorption property, review

中图分类号:

TB34

康越, 原博, 马天, 楚增勇, 张政军. 基于石墨烯的电磁波损耗材料研究进展[J]. 无机材料学报, 2018, 33(12): 1259-1273.

KANG Yue, YUAN Bo, MA Tian, CHU Zeng-Yong, ZHANG Zheng-Jun. Development of Microwave Absorbing Materials Based on Graphene[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2018, 33(12): 1259-1273.

图/表 6

图1 不同类型和结构的石墨烯基电磁波损耗材料示意图

Fig. 1 Schematic of electromagnetic loss materials based on different types and structures of grapheme

图2 rGO的介电常数与反射率曲线

Fig. 2 Complex permittivity and reflection loss curves of rGO(a) Reflection loss curves of rGO[30]; (b) Schematic illustration of MA mechanism of Gmfs[31]; (c-d) Frequency dependence of relative complex permittivity real part (ε°) (c) and imaginary part (ε’’) (d) of graphite and rGO[30]; (e-f) Real parts (e) and imaginary parts (f) of permittivity of Gmfs/paraffin composites with different filler contents[31]

图3 rGO/丁晴橡胶的介电常数与反射率曲线

Fig. 3 Complex permittivity and reflection loss curves of rGO/NBR composites(A) Real part of permittivity (ε°)[38]; (B) Imaginary part of permittivity (ε’)[38]; (C) A possible absorption mechanism; (D-E) Reflection loss characteristics with thickness: (D) 3 mm and (E) 4 mm for rGO/NBR composites[38] (a) 2wt% rGO; (b) 4wt% rGO; (c) 10wt% rGO

图4 用于石墨烯复合的部分典型纳米金属化合物的结构形貌

Fig. 4 Typical microstructures of metal nanomaterials for graphene composites(a) ZnO spheres[55]; (b) T-ZnO[56]; (c) Starlike-ZnO[57]; (d) CoS2 spheres and reflection loss curves[63]

图5 石墨烯基电磁波损耗材料最大反射率值与厚度的关系

Fig. 5 Schematic of relationship between maximum reflectivity and thickness of graphene based electromagnetic wave loss material(a) rGO; (b) Two ingredients; (c) Three or more ingredients; (d) Three-dimensional structure

表1 典型石墨烯基电磁波损耗材料性能统计表

Table 1 Comparison of EMW absorption properties of the materials based on graphene

Filler	Matrix	Reflection Loss/dB	Optimum thickness/mm	Effective bandwidth in 2-18 GHz/GHz	Ref.
rGO	Paraffin	-7.0	2.0	-	[30]
rGO	PEO	-38.8	1.8	4.10	[39]
Pitch carbon coating grapheme/carbon nanotubes	Paraffin	-18.9	2.0	~4.0	[41]
rGO/ polyaniline	Paraffin	-25.0	2.0	4.0	[131]
rGO-BN	Paraffin	-40.5	1.6	5.0	[108]
α-cubic Co/GN	Paraffin	-47.5	2.0	5.3	[48]
Fe₃O₄/N-graphene	Paraffin	-53.6	1.8	5.0	[79]
Tetrapod-like ZnO/ rGO	Paraffin	-59.5	2.9	6.9	[56]
MCI/rGO/PVP	Paraffin	-41.7	2.8	12.52	[128]
rGO/CoFe₂O₄/MWCNT	Paraffin	-46.8	1.6	3.44	[123]
Gr/Ti@CNT/Fe₃O₄/PANI	TPU	-63.57	3.0	4.20	[118]
Yolk-shell CoO@Co NPs/ZnO NPs/graphene	Paraffin	-51.1	2.6	4.70	[157]
rGO foams	-	-33.2	1.0	~14.00	[158]
3D-rGO/silica textile/PF	-	-36.0	3.3	4.20	[160]
Porous graphene microflowers	Paraffin	-42.8	2.0	5.59	[31]

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基于石墨烯的电磁波损耗材料研究进展

Development of Microwave Absorbing Materials Based on Graphene

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