hBN含量对Si3N4-hBN复相陶瓷性能和微观结构的影响

doi:10.15541/jim20160425

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用纳米级粉体经热压烧结制备了Si₃N₄-hBN复相陶瓷, 研究了hBN含量对Si₃N₄-hBN复相陶瓷致密度、力学性能、摩擦学性能、微观结构的影响。用阿基米德排水法、三点弯曲法和维氏压痕法测量材料的致密度、力学性能; 用摩擦磨损试验机测试材料的摩擦学性能; 用XRD、EDAX和SEM、LSCM分析观察材料的物相组成和微观结构。研究结果表明, 随着hBN含量的增加, 复相陶瓷的密度将会持续下降, 气孔率先是急剧上升, 然后趋于平缓, 力学性能持续下降, 干摩擦条件下复相陶瓷与GCr15配副的摩擦学性能呈现先提高后降低的趋势, 当hBN含量低于20wt%时, 随着hBN含量的增加, 摩擦系数和磨损率逐渐减小; 当hBN含量大于20wt%时, 摩擦系数和磨损率急剧增大; hBN含量为20wt%时, 获得最低的摩擦系数为0.31。hBN的引入直接影响Si₃N₄-hBN复相陶瓷的微观组织结构, 进而影响复合陶瓷的力学性能和摩擦学性能。

关键词: Si3N4-hBN, 致密度, 力学性能, 微观结构, 摩擦学性能

Abstract:

Si₃N₄-hBN composites were prepared using hot-press method with nano-scaled powder, the influence of hBN content on density, mechanical properties, tribological properties, microstructure of Si₃N₄-hBN composites were investigated. The density and mechanical properties of composites were measured by Archimedes method, three point bending method and Vickers indentation method. The tribological properties of composites were measured by friction and wear tester. The phase composition and microstructure of composites were analyzed and observed by XRD, EDAX and SEM, LSCM. The results showed that with increase of hBN content the composites’ density gradually decreased, the composites’ porosity increased at first and then stable gradually, the composites’ mechanical performance gradually decreased. The friction tests indicated that the tribological properties of Si₃N₄-hBN and GCr15, with pair under dry friction, increased at first and then decreased sharply with the increase of hBN content. The friction coefficient and wear coefficient decreased gradually when hBN content was less than 20%, and then increased sharply when the hBN content was more than 20%. The friction coefficient reaches the lowest value of 0.31 when the hBN content was about 20%. The addition of hBN influenced the mechanical and tribological properties of Si₃N₄-hBN composites through directly influenced its microstructure.

Key words: Si3N4-hBN, density, mechanical properties, microstructure, tribological properties

中图分类号:

TQ174

张昌松, 刘强, 陈威. hBN含量对Si₃N₄-hBN复相陶瓷性能和微观结构的影响[J]. 无机材料学报, 2017, 32(5): 509-516.

ZHANG Chang-Song, LIU Qiang, CHEN Wei. Effect of hBN Content on Property and Microstructure of Si₃N₄-hBN Composite Ceramics[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2017, 32(5): 509-516.

图/表 13

表1 热压烧结Si3N4-hBN复相陶瓷的致密度和力学性能

Table 1 Physical and mechanical properties of Si3N4-hBN composite ceramics by hot-pressed sintering

Number	HBN/ wt%	Density /(g·cm^-3)	Relative density /%	Porosity /%	Bending strength /MPa	Vickers hardness /GPa	Fracture toughness /(MPa·m^1/2)
SN0	0	3.20	97.0	0.24	818	14.9	7.36
SN5	5	3.12	96.7	0.55	764	13.3	6.67
SN10	10	3.04	96.4	0.80	717	12.4	6.58
SN20	20	2.89	96.0	1.02	695	8.9	6. 39
SN30	30	2.79	91.2	1.08	577	6.6	5.98

图1 热压烧结Si3N4-hBN试样的腐蚀表面SEM照片

Fig. 1 Corrosion surface morphologies of hot-pressed Si3N4-hBN specimens (a) Pure Si3N4(SE); (b) Si3N4-20%hBN(BSE)

表2 纯Si3N4陶瓷微区成分分析(EDAX)

Table 2 Microareas elements of EDAX analysis of pure Si3N4 ceramics

Analysis area	Elements /at%
Analysis area	Si	N	O	Al	Y
“1” area	39.72	52.91	5.36	1.57	0.42

图2 不同hBN含量Si3N4-hBN陶瓷复合材料的XRD分析

Fig. 2 XRD patterns of Si3N4-hBN ceramic composites with different hBN contents

图3 Si3N4-hBN陶瓷复合材料断口形貌

Fig. 3 Fracture morphologies of Si3N4-hBN ceramic composites(SEM) (a) pure Si3N4; (b) Si3N4-5wt%hBN; (c) Si3N4-10wt%hBN; (d) Si3N4-20wt%hBN; (e) Si3N4-30wt%hBN

图4 SN0-SN30与GCr15配副摩擦面的摩擦因数(a)和磨损率(b)变化图

Fig. 4 Change of friction coefficient (a) and wear coefficient (b) of SN0-SN30 and GCr15 with a pair of friction surface

图5 SN0/GCr15和SN20/GCr15配副摩擦面摩擦系数相对时间的曲线

Fig. 5 Friction coefficient curves of SN0/GCr15 and SN20/GCr15 with time variation

图6 SN0/GCr15配副的销(a)和盘(b)试样摩擦表面形貌照片

Fig. 6 Friction surface morphology of the pin (a) and disc (b) specimens of SN0/GCr15 with pair

图7 销(a)和盘(b)摩擦表面EDAX成分分析及磨屑(c)分析结果

Fig. 7 EDAX elements of friction surface of pin (a) and disc (b) and XRD analysis of debris (c)

图8 SN0/GCr15配副盘摩擦表面3D形貌

Fig. 8 3D morphology of friction surface of SN0/GCr15 with pair

图9 SN20/GCr15配副的销(a)和盘(b)试样摩擦表面形貌

Fig. 9 Friction surface morphology of the pin (a) and disk (b) specimens of SN20/GCr15 with pair

图10 SN20/GCr15配副盘摩擦表面3D形貌

Fig. 10 3D morphology of friction surface of SN20/GCr15 with pair

图11 销(a)和盘(b)摩擦表面EDAX成分分析及磨屑(c)XRD 分析结果

Fig. 11 EDAX elements of friction surface of (a) pin, (b) disc, and XRD pattern of debris (c)

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hBN含量对Si₃N₄-hBN复相陶瓷性能和微观结构的影响

Effect of hBN Content on Property and Microstructure of Si₃N₄-hBN Composite Ceramics

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