碳纤维增强层状木材陶瓷的界面结构及受力分析

doi:10.15541/jim20160049

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了研究纤维增强木材陶瓷复合材料的界面结构与受力情况, 利用液化木材、炭粉和碳纤维制备层状结构木材陶瓷。采用扫描电镜和高分辨率透射电镜对其基本结构与界面进行观测, 并通过显微拉曼光谱检测拉伸试件G’峰的位移来判断界面的结合情况。同时, 基于双线性软化本构模型, 采用Abaqus软件对界面层在应力传递中的作用与方式进行了数值分析。扫描电镜与透射电镜的观测表明: 碳纤维增强木材陶瓷具有清晰的层状结构, 且无定形碳与玻璃碳之间存在强界面结合。拉曼光谱的测试发现: 加压烧结试件拉伸后的G’峰向低波数的位移更大, 证明加压烧结能够改善玻璃碳与碳纤维之间界面的结合强度。数值分析显示: 在受力过程中, 界面层对碳纤维与基体材料之间的应力传递起着重要作用, 同时, 随着界面层强度与厚度的增加, 其所能承受的载荷增大, 传递给基体材料的等效应力也随之增加。

关键词: 层状木材陶瓷, 碳纤维增强, 界面结构, 应力分析

Abstract:

To study the interface structure and loading conditions of fiber reinforced woodceramics composite, a laminated woodceramics were prepared by using liquification wood, carbon power and carbon fiber. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and a high-revolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) were employed to observe the basic structure and interface, and a micro-raman spectrometer (MRS) was used to detect the G’ band shifts of stretch sample to judge the situation of interface bond. Meanwhile, the function and way of interface layer in the process of stress transfer were numerical analyzed by using Abaqus based on bilinear softening constitutive mode. The observation of SEM and HRTEM indicates the carbon fiber reinforced woodceramics presents a clear laminated structure, of which has a strong interface bonding between amorphous carbon and glassy carbon. The test of MRS show that the G’ band of pressure sintering specimen shifts to low wavenumber at high extent, which proves that pressure sintering can improve the interface bonding strength between glassy carbon and carbon fiber. The numerical analysis shows that the interface layer plays an important role in the stress transfer between carbon fiber and matrix material in the loading process. As the intension and thickness of interface layer increase, the loading and the equivalent stress transfer to matrix material increases.

Key words: laminated woodceramics, carbon fiber reinforced, interface structure, stress analysis

中图分类号:

TB39

孙德林, 郝晓峰, 洪璐, 唐志宏, 张绍明. 碳纤维增强层状木材陶瓷的界面结构及受力分析[J]. 无机材料学报, 2016, 31(9): 969-975.

SUN De-Lin, HAO Xiao-Feng, HONG Lu, TANG Zhi-Hong, ZHANG Shao-Ming. Interface Structure and Stress Analysis of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Laminated Woodceramics[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2016, 31(9): 969-975.

图/表 11

图1 碳纤维增强层状木材陶瓷的端面照片

Fig. 1 End face photo of carbon fiber reinforced laminated woodceramics

图2 基体材料的SEM照片(a)和HRTEM照片(b)

Fig. 2 SEM (a) and HRTEM (b) images of matrix

图3 常压烧结样品(a)和加压烧结试件(b)的SEM照片

Fig. 3 SEM images of pressureless sintered sample (a) and pressure sintered sample (b)

图4 加压与未加压烧结试件拉曼光谱图(a)及其G’峰放大图(b)

Fig. 4 Raman spectra (a) and enlarge spectrogram of G’ band (b) for pressure sintering sample and no pressure sintering sample Sintered at 1300℃, tensile strain of 0.5%

图5 玻璃碳与碳纤维之间的特征体元结构模型

Fig. 5 Characteristic voxel model of glassy carbon and carbon fiber

图6 双线性软化本构模型

Fig. 6 Bilinear softening constitutive model

图7 界面应力传递示意图

Fig. 7 Stress transfer sketch diagram of interface

图8 基体、界面层和纤维不同时刻应力分布情况

Fig. 8 Stress distribution of matrix, interface and carbon fiber with different moments

图9 界面层(a)与基体(b)加载初期时应力-时间分布图

Fig. 9 Stress-time distribution diagram of interface layer (a) and matrix (b) in the early loading

图10 不同弹性模量的界面层(a)与基体(b)对载荷分布的影响

Fig. 10 Effects of different elasticity modulus of interface layer (a) and matrix (b) on the stress distribution

图11 不同界面层厚度(a)与基体(b)厚度对载荷分布的影响。

Fig. 11 Effects of different thickness of interface layer (a) and matrix (b) on the stress distribution

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