纳米TiO2/硅藻土复合材料光催化降解作用研究

doi:10.15541/jim20150448

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以硅藻土为载体, 四氯化钛为前驱体, 采用水解沉淀法制备了纳米TiO₂/硅藻土复合材料。结合XRD、SEM、氮气吸脱附等表征手段, 探究了复合材料对罗丹明B的光催化性能, 对影响复合材料光催化性能的因素进行了研究。结果表明: 锐钛矿型纳米TiO₂以团聚体和分散状负载于硅藻土表面。催化剂用量、染料溶液pH、无机离子、光照强度等因素都会在不同程度上影响TiO₂/硅藻土复合材料的光催化性能。在染料初始浓度为10 mg/L, 催化剂用量1.0 g/L, 紫外光强度为300 W, 光照60 min的条件下, 罗丹明B光催化降解率达到99.8%。

关键词: TiO2/硅藻土, XRD, 光催化, 罗丹明B

Abstract:

Nano-TiO₂/diatomite composite was synthesized by hydrolysis-deposition method using diatomite as supporter and titanium tetrachloride as precursor. The prepared composite was characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and N₂ adsorption-desorption. The photocatalytic property of composite was determined by Rhodamine B as a target pollutant. The effects of various parameters that affect the photocatalytic properties of composite were studied. The results show that anatase TiO₂ loaded on the surface of diatomite in agglomerate and disperse states. The catalyst dosage, dye solution pH, inorganic ions and illumination intensity could affect the photocatalytic activity of TiO₂/diatomite composite in different degrees. The photocatalytic degradation rate of Rhodamine B was up to 99.8% under the conditions as follows: 10 mg/L initial dye concentration, 1.0 g/L catalyst dosage, 300 W UV light intensity, and 60 min illumination time.

Key words: TiO2/diatomite, XRD, photocatalysis, Rhodamine B

中图分类号:

TQ174

张广心, 董雄波, 郑水林. 纳米TiO₂/硅藻土复合材料光催化降解作用研究[J]. 无机材料学报, 2016, 31(4): 407-412.

ZHANG Guang-Xin, DONG Xiong-Bo, ZHENG Shui-Lin. Photocatalytic Performance of Nano-TiO₂/Diatomite Composite[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2016, 31(4): 407-412.

图/表 13

表1 提纯硅藻土和纳米TiO2/硅藻土的化学组成

Table 1 Chemical composition of the purified diatomite and nano-TiO2/diatomite

Composition/wt%	SiO₂	Al₂O₃	Fe₂O₃	MgO	TiO₂	L.O.I
Diatomite	92.27	2.21	0.48	0.56	0.21	2.84
Nano-TiO₂/ Diatomite	68.69	1.93	0.27	0.39	25.96	1.67

图1 硅藻土和纳米TiO2/硅藻土复合材料的XRD图谱

Fig. 1 XRD patterns of diatomite and nano-TiO2/diatomite composite

图2 硅藻土和TiO2/硅藻土复合材料的SEM照片

Fig. 2 SEM images of diatomite (a, b) and nano-TiO2/diatomite composite (c)

图3 硅藻土和纳米TiO2/硅藻土复合材料的吸脱附等温线和孔径分布曲线

Fig. 3 Nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms and pore size distributions of diatomite and nano-TiO2/diatomite composite

表2 硅藻土和纳米TiO2/硅藻土复合材料的物理性质和晶粒尺寸

Table 2 Physical characters and crystallite size of diatomite and nano-TiO2/diatomite composite

Sample	BET surface area /(m²·g^-1)	Pore volume/(cm³·g^-1)	Average pore diameter/nm	Cryatalline size /nm
Diatomite	26.20	0.04	5.28	—
TiO₂/Diatomite	30.80	0.06	5.93	15.57

表3 染料的主要特征

Table 3 Main characteristics of dye

Dye	Category	Molecular formula	Molecular structure	λ_max/nm
Rhodamine B(RhB)	Xanthene dye	C₂₈H₃₁ClN₂O₃		554

图4 纳米TiO2/硅藻土复合材料用量对罗丹明B降解的影响(a)和动力学拟合(b)

Fig. 4 Effect of nano-TiO2/diatomite composite amount on the degradation of RhB (a) and degradation kinetic plots of RhB (b)

表4 纳米TiO2/硅藻土复合材料降解染料的准一级动力学方程参数

Table 4 Model parameters for degradation of dyes by nano-TiO2/diatomite composite

Catalyst dosage/ (g·L^-1)	k /min^-1	R²
0.5	0.058	0.998
1.0	0.072	0.992
2.0	0.100	0.989
3.0	0.102	0.999

图5 纳米TiO2/硅藻土复合材料用量对RhB降解量与降解率的影响

Fig. 5 Effect of nano-TiO2/diatomite composite amount on the degradation rate and quantity of RhB

图6 初始pH对纳米TiO2/硅藻土复合材料吸附和光催化降解染料效果的影响

Fig. 6 Effect of initial pH on the adsorption and degradation of dyes by nano-TiO2/diatomite composite

图7 纳米TiO2/硅藻土复合材料的Zeta电位

Fig. 7 Zeta potential of TiO2/diatomite composite

图8 无机离子对纳米TiO2/硅藻土复合材料光催化降解罗丹明B的影响

Fig. 8 Effect of inorganic ions on the degradation of RhB by nano-TiO2/diatomite composite

图9 光照强度对纳米TiO2/硅藻土复合材料光催化降解罗丹明B的影响

Fig. 9 Effect of illumination intensity on the degradation of RhB by nano-TiO2/diatomite composite

参考文献 16

[1]	SELVAM P P, PREETHI S, BASAKARALINGAM P, et al.Removal of rhodamine B from aqueous solution by adsorption onto sodium montmorillonite.Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2008, 155(1): 39-44.
[2]	MESSINA P V, SCHULZ P C.Adsorption of reactive dyes on titania- silica mesoporous materials.Journal of colloid and interface science, 2006, 299(1): 305-320.
[3]	GUO H, LIN K, ZHENG Z, et al.Sulfanilic acid-modified P25 TiO2 nanoparticles with improved photocatalytic degradation on Congo red under visible light.Dyes and Pigments, 2012, 92(3): 1278-1284.
[4]	SCHWEGMANN H, RUPPERT J, FRIMMEL F H.Influence of the pH-value on the photocatalytic disinfection of bacteria with TiO2-explanation by DLVO and XDLVO theory.Water Research, 2013, 47(4): 1503-1511.
[5]	YANG X X, CAO C D, ERICKSON L, et al.Photo-catalytic degradation of Rhodamine B on C-, S-, N-, and Fe-doped TiO2 under visible-light irradiation.Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 2009, 91(3): 657-662.
[6]	FUJISHIMA A, RAO T N, TRYK D A.Titanium dioxide photocatalysis.Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology C: Photochemistry Reviews, 2000, 1(1): 1-21.
[7]	SUN Z M, YANG X P, ZHANG G X, et al.A novel method for purification of low grade diatomite powders in centrifugal fields.International Journal of Mineral Processing, 2013, 125: 18-26.
[8]	SUN Z M, BAI C H, ZHENG S L, et al.A comparative study of different porous amorphous silica minerals supported TiO2 catalysts.Applied Catalysis A: General, 2013, 458: 103-110.
[9]	SUN Q, LI H, ZHENG S L, et al.Characterizations of nano-TiO2/diatomite composites and their photocatalytic reduction of aqueous Cr (VI).Applied Surface Science, 2014, 311: 369-376.
[10]	SUN Q, LI H, NIU B J, et al.Nano-TiO2 immobilized on diatomite: characterization and photocatalytic reactivity for Cu2+ removal from aqueous solution.Procedia Engineering, 2015, 102: 1935-1943.
[11]	WANG B, ZHANG G X, SUN Z M, et al.Synthesis of natural porous minerals supported TiO2 nanoparticles and their photocatalytic performance towards Rhodamine B degradation.Powder Technology, 2014, 262: 1-8.
[12]	WANG B, ZHANG G X, LENG X, et al.Characterization and improved solar light activity of vanadium doped TiO2/diatomite hybrid catalysts.Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2015, 285: 212-220.
[13]	ZHANG G X, WANG B, SUN Z M, et al. A comparative study of different diatomite-supported TiO2 composites and their photocatalytic performance for dye degradation, Desalination and Water Treatment, DOI: 10.1080/19443994.2015.1085449.
[14]	AKBARZADEH R, UMBARKAR S B, SONAWANE R S, et al.Vanadia-titania thin films for photocatalytic degradation of formaldehyde in sunlight.Applied Catalysis A: General, 2010, 374(1/2): 103-109.
[15]	WANG S B, ZHU Z H.Effects of acidic treatment of activated carbons on dye adsorption.Dyes and Pigments, 2007, 75(2): 306-314.
[16]	LI G T, SONG H Y, LIU B T.Production and contribution of hydroxyl radicals in photocatalytic oxidation process.Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2012, 6(10): 3388-3392.

纳米TiO₂/硅藻土复合材料光催化降解作用研究

Photocatalytic Performance of Nano-TiO₂/Diatomite Composite

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

被引次数

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 13

参考文献 16

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	伍林, 胡明蕾, 王丽萍, 黄少萌, 周湘远. TiHAP@g-C₃N₄异质结的制备及光催化降解甲基橙[J]. 无机材料学报, 2023, 38(5): 503-510.
[2]	马心全, 李喜宝, 陈智, 冯志军, 黄军同. S型异质结BiOBr/ZnMoO₄的构建及光催化降解性能研究[J]. 无机材料学报, 2023, 38(1): 62-70.
[3]	陈瀚翔, 周敏, 莫曌, 宜坚坚, 李华明, 许晖. CoN/g-C₃N₄ 0D/2D复合结构及其光催化制氢性能研究[J]. 无机材料学报, 2022, 37(9): 1001-1008.
[4]	薛虹云, 王聪宇, MAHMOOD Asad, 于佳君, 王焱, 谢晓峰, 孙静. 二维g-C₃N₄与Ag-TiO₂复合光催化剂降解气态乙醛抗失活研究[J]. 无机材料学报, 2022, 37(8): 865-872.
[5]	洪佳辉, 马冉, 仵云超, 文涛, 艾玥洁. MOFs自牺牲模板法制备CoN_x/g-C₃N₄纳米材料用作高效光催化还原U(VI)[J]. 无机材料学报, 2022, 37(7): 741-749.
[6]	迟聪聪, 屈盼盼, 任超男, 许馨, 白飞飞, 张丹洁. SiO₂@Ag@SiO₂@TiO₂核壳结构的制备及其光催化降解性能[J]. 无机材料学报, 2022, 37(7): 750-756.
[7]	王晓俊, 许文, 刘润路, 潘辉, 朱申敏. 水凝胶负载的纳米银/氮化碳光催化剂的制备及性能研究[J]. 无机材料学报, 2022, 37(7): 731-740.
[8]	安琳, 吴淏, 韩鑫, 李耀刚, 王宏志, 张青红. 非贵金属Co_5.47N/N-rGO助催化剂增强TiO₂光催化制氢性能[J]. 无机材料学报, 2022, 37(5): 534-540.
[9]	陈士昆, 王楚楚, 陈晔, 李莉, 潘路, 文桂林. 磁性Ag₂S/Ag/CoFe_1.95Sm_0.05O₄ Z型异质结的制备及光催化降解性能[J]. 无机材料学报, 2022, 37(12): 1329-1336.
[10]	张弦, 张策, 姜文君, 冯德强, 姚伟. 四元BiMnVO₅的合成、电子结构与可见光催化性能研究[J]. 无机材料学报, 2022, 37(1): 58-64.
[11]	高娃, 熊宇杰, 吴聪萍, 周勇, 邹志刚. 基于超薄纳米结构的光催化二氧化碳选择性转化[J]. 无机材料学报, 2022, 37(1): 3-14.
[12]	王潇, 朱智杰, 吴之怡, 张城城, 陈志杰, 肖梦琦, 李超然, 何乐. 钴等离激元超结构粉体催化剂的制备及其光热催化应用[J]. 无机材料学报, 2022, 37(1): 22-28.
[13]	刘彭, 吴仕淼, 吴昀峰, 张宁. Zn_0.4(CuGa)_0.3Ga₂S₄/CdS光催化材料的制备及其CO₂还原性能[J]. 无机材料学报, 2022, 37(1): 15-21.
[14]	刘雪晨, 曾滴, 周沅逸, 王海鹏, 张玲, 王文中. 改性氮化碳光催化剂在生物质氧化反应中的应用[J]. 无机材料学报, 2022, 37(1): 38-44.
[15]	王路平, 卢占会, 魏鑫, 方明, 王祥科. 改进的灰色模型在光催化数据预测中的应用[J]. 无机材料学报, 2021, 36(8): 871-876.