碳化硅颗粒增强复合材料超疏水表面的制备

doi:10.15541/jim20150456

无机材料学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (4): 383-387.DOI: 10.15541/jim20150456

碳化硅颗粒增强复合材料超疏水表面的制备

包晓慧, 明平美, 毕向阳

(河南理工大学机械与动力工程学院, 焦作 454000)

收稿日期:2015-09-20 修回日期:2015-12-20 出版日期:2016-04-20 网络出版日期:2016-03-25
作者简介:包晓慧(1992–), 女, 硕士研究生. E-mail: bxhhpu@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(51475149);河南省高校科技创新团队支持计划(15IRTSTHN013);河南理工大学科技创新团队支持计划(T2014-1)

Preparation of Superhydrophobic Surface Based on SiC Particulate Reinforced Composite

BAO Xiao-Hui, MING Ping-Mei, BI Xiang-Yang

(School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China)

Received:2015-09-20 Revised:2015-12-20 Published:2016-04-20 Online:2016-03-25
About author:BAO Xiao-Hui. E-mail: bxhhpu@163.com
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (51475149);Program for Science&Technology Innovation Team in Universities of Henan Province (15IRTSTHN013);Program for Science&Technology Innovation Team in Henan Polytechnic University (T2014-1)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用电化学蚀刻方法在碳化硅颗粒增强复合材料(SiC/Al)表面构筑了微纳结构, 重点分析了蚀刻电流密度和蚀刻时间等关键操作参数对所得表面微观形貌及润湿特性的影响。研究发现, 较高电流密度(6 A/dm²)下刻蚀的SiC/Al复合材料表面可形成由微米级“粒状”结构和纳米级结构(颗粒状和波鳞状)复合而成的微-纳双层结构, 且这种特殊结构不因后续刻蚀时间延长而改变; 优化条件形成的SiC/Al复合材料刻蚀表面呈现出静态接触角高达160.7°、滚动角低至4°的超疏水特性。本研究结果说明SiC/Al复合材料可用于制备自清洁表面。

关键词: 超疏水表面, 电化学蚀刻, SiC/Al复合材料, 微纳复合结构

Abstract:

Micro- and nano-structures were prepared based on SiC particulate reinforced composite substrate using electrochemical etching process, and effects of current density and etching time on morphology characteristics and superhydrophobicity of the etched surfaces were investigated. The results show that a special hierarchical structure consisting of particle-shaped microstructures and nano-structrues (particle- or squama-shaped) is formed on the etched SiC/Al composite at the current density of 6 A/dm², which keeps almost unchanged during etching period. Under optimized process conditions, superhydrophobic surface can be obtained, achieving a water contact angle of up to 160.7° and an extremely small tilting angle of 4°. All these data demonstrate that SiC/Al composite has potential to be used as self-cleaning surface.

Key words: superhydrophobic surface, electrochemical etching, SiC/Al composite, hierarchical structure

中图分类号:

TG66

包晓慧, 明平美, 毕向阳. 碳化硅颗粒增强复合材料超疏水表面的制备[J]. 无机材料学报, 2016, 31(4): 383-387.

BAO Xiao-Hui, MING Ping-Mei, BI Xiang-Yang. Preparation of Superhydrophobic Surface Based on SiC Particulate Reinforced Composite[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2016, 31(4): 383-387.

图/表 6

图1 SiC/Al复合材料刻蚀前(a)与在不同电流密度下蚀刻(b, c)得到的表面形貌照片

Fig. 1 Surface topography of SiC/Al composites before (a) and after (b) being etched under current of 1 A/dm2 and 6 A/dm2 (c)

图2 SiC/Al复合材料在不同电流密下蚀刻得到的表面纳米结构照片

Fig. 2 Nanostructure images of SiC/Al composite after being etched under current of 1 A/dm2 (a,b) and 6 A/dm2 (c,d)

表1 电解液成分与工艺条件

Table 1 Composition of electrolyte and process parameters

Electrolyte and process parameter	Value
NaNO₃/(g·L^-1)	6.5
Current density/(A·dm^-2)	0-6
Temperature/℃	RT
Time/min	0-20

图3 不同电流密度时蚀刻表面润湿特性的变化情况

Fig. 3 Changes of the surface wettability of the composite substrates with current density

图4 复合材料表面水滴(8 µL)在6 A/dm2电流下蚀刻5 min得到的超疏水表面的存在状态

Fig. 4 Optical photo of 8 µL water droplets on the superhydrophobic composite surface after being etched under current 6 A/dm2 for 5 min

图5 不同蚀刻时间蚀刻表面润湿特性的变化

Fig. 5 Surface wettability of the composite substrates varied by etching time

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碳化硅颗粒增强复合材料超疏水表面的制备

Preparation of Superhydrophobic Surface Based on SiC Particulate Reinforced Composite

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