硅藻土/重质碳酸钙复合调湿材料的制备及表征

doi:10.15541/jim20150287

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

调湿材料是一种重要的健康环保材料。本工作以硅藻土(DE)和重质碳酸钙(GCC)为原料, 用焙烧法制备了硅藻土/重质碳酸钙复合调湿材料(DE/GCC)。采用X射线衍射仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、场发射扫描电子显微镜和低温氮吸附法对样品的物相、表面官能团、微观形貌、表面元素组成和孔结构特性进行了表征, 在恒温高湿度环境(RH=70%、80%、90%; 30℃)下测试了样品的吸湿性能, 并进行吸湿动力学和吸湿机理分析。结果表明, 焙烧法制备的DE/GCC中生成了硅酸钙和氢氧钙石, DE/GCC的介孔含量增多, 易于形成毛细管凝聚。在相对湿度为70%、80%和90%恒温高湿度环境下, DE/GCC的36 h吸湿量分别达到7.213%、11.159%和14.701%, 分别提高到DE的2.1、2.9和3.0倍。吸湿过程动力学符合准二级动力学模型。

关键词: 硅藻土, 重质碳酸钙, 调湿材料, 硅酸钙, 氢氧钙石

Abstract:

Humidity control material is a kind of healthy environmental friendly material. The diatomite/ground calcium carbonate composite humidity control material (DE/GCC) was prepared by calcinations using diatomite (DE) and ground calcium carbonate (GCC) as raw materials. The obtained samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscope and low-temperature nitrogen adsorption method to determine the mineral compositions, functional groups, microstructure, surface element compositions and pore structure, respectively. The moisture absorption performance of samples were tested under high relative humidity conditions (RH=70%, 80%, 90%) and the constant temperature of 30℃. The moisture absorption dynamics and humidity control mechanism were analyzed. It is indicated that the calcium silicate and calcium hydroxide are formed in the DE/GCC during the calcinations process. Compared with the raw materials, the content of mesopore increases in the DE/GCC sample, which is in favor of the capillary condensation. After 36 h test in the environment with relative humidity of 70%, 80% and 90%, the moisture contents of DE/GCC reach 7.213%, 11.159% and 14.701%, which are about 2.1, 2.9 and 3.0 fold as those of DE, respectively. The moisture absorption kinetics follows the pseudo-second-order model.

Key words: diatomite, ground calcium carbonate, humidity control material, calcium silicate, calcium hydroxide

中图分类号:

TD98

胡志波, 演阳, 郑水林, 孙青, 尹胜男. 硅藻土/重质碳酸钙复合调湿材料的制备及表征[J]. 无机材料学报, 2016, 31(1): 81-87.

HU Zhi-Bo, YAN Yang, ZHENG Shui-Lin, SUN Qin, YIN Sheng-Nan. Preparation and Characterization of Humidity Control Material Based on Diatomite/Ground Calcium Carbonate Composite[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2016, 31(1): 81-87.

图/表 7

图1 DE、GCC及DE/GCC的XRD图谱

Fig. 1 XRD patterns of DE, GCC and DE/GCC

图2 DE、GCC及DE/GCC的FTIR光谱图

Fig. 2 Fourier transform infrared spectra of DE, GCC and DE/GCC

图3 DE的SEM照片(a)及其EDS图谱(b), GCC低倍SEM照片(c)和高倍SEM照片(d), DE/GCC的SEM照片(e)与EDS图谱(f)

Fig. 3 SEM image (a) of DE and corresponding EDS pattern (b), low magnification (c) and high magnification (d) SEM images of GCC, as well as SEM image (e) of DE/GCC and corresponding EDS pattern (f)

图4 DE与DE/GCC的氮气吸附-脱附等温曲线与BJH吸附孔径分布曲线

Fig. 4 Nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms and BJH adsorption pore diameter curve of DE and DE/GCC

图5 DE、GCC及DE/GCC的吸湿曲线

Fig. 5 Moisture absorption isotherm of DE, GCC and DE/ GCC

图6 DE及DE/GCC吸湿过程的准二级动力学拟合结果

Fig. 6 Fitting results of pseudo-second-order kinetic model for moisture absorption process of DE and DE/GCC

表1 DE与DE/GCC吸湿过程的准二级动力学参数

Table 1 Parameters of pseudo-second-order kinetic model for moisture absorption process of DE and DE/GCC

Material	RH/%	Kinetic parameters			q_{36h, exp}/%	q_{36h, cal}/%
Material	RH/%	K/(g·h^-1·g^-1)	q_e/%	R²	q_{36h, exp}/%	q_{36h, cal}/%
DE	90	0.3679	5.0581	0.9998	4.958	4.984
	80	0.3425	3.9640	0.9996	3.858	3.885
	70	0.4751	3.5662	0.9997	3.488	3.509
DE/GCC	90	0.0051	18.2983	0.9610	14.701	14.101
	80	0.0083	13.8274	0.9885	11.159	11.133
	70	0.0166	8.7017	0.9958	7.213	7.289

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