厘米级盘形硅藻微粒单层密排研究

doi:10.15541/jim20150152

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

硅藻土较好的保持了天然硅藻的多级微纳孔阵列、大比表面积等特征, 将其分选应用于硅藻研究具有低成本、大量、可重复等优势。本研究采用物理沉降结合机械筛选的方式从硅藻土中提取出盘形硅藻壳微粒, 尺寸分布在40~80 μm之间。借助空气-水界面颗粒漂浮自组装原理, 探究疏水处理的硅藻土壳片快速大面积密排工艺可行性。结果显示通过控制硅藻壳微粒在水面的浓度以及微粒自身形态, 可以获得厘米级单层密排结构, 且实验制得最大硅藻壳微粒漂浮单层密排面积达到23.7 cm², 捞取干燥完整硅藻微粒单层密排面积达到5.0 cm²。

关键词: 硅藻土, 盘形微粒, 自组装, 单层密排

Abstract:

Diatomite earth, preferably maintained the morphology and structure of nature diatom, with the characteristic of unique multi-level nanopores and large specific surface area. Diatom is a low-cost at large quantity through repeatable separation from diatomite earth, suitable for industrial application. In this study, the disk-shaped diatom shell particles, size distribution between 40-80 μm, were extracted out by physical settlement method and mechanical screening method. Then, according to the particles self-assembly close-packed principles at air-water interface, the fast close-packed feasibility of hydrophobic diatom shells in a large area was studied. The results showed that by controlling the concentration and forms of diatom shell particles, centimeter level close-packed monolayer can be obtained. The close-packed monolayer area of floating diatom shell particles was over 23.7 cm², and on drying substrate was about 5.0 cm².

Key words: diatomite earth, sheet-shaped particles, self-assembled, monolayer close-packed

中图分类号:

TQ50

张文强, 张锌. 厘米级盘形硅藻微粒单层密排研究[J]. 无机材料学报, 2015, 30(11): 1208-1212.

ZHANG Wen-Qiang, ZHANG Xin. Centimeter Level Monolayer Close-packed of Disk-Shaped Diatomite Particles[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2015, 30(11): 1208-1212.

图/表 5

表1 硅藻土壳片漂浮密排添加配方

Table 1 Solution formula for floating close-packed sheet-shaped diatomite

Methods	35 mm dish		55 mm dish
Methods	Volume of Diatom-ethanol/mL	Close-packed film effect	Volume of Diatom-ethanol/mL	Close-packed film effect
a	0.05	Not close-packed	0.05	Not close-packed
b	0.10	Partial close-packed	0.10	Not close-packed
c	0.15	Monolayer close-packed	0.20	Partial close-packed
d	0.20	Overlapping close-packed	0.40	Monolayer close-packed

图1 筛选前后盘形硅藻壳微粒的扫描电镜照片

Fig. 1 SEM images of sheet-shaped diatomite particles before and after being screened (a) Original diatomite; (b) Screening for 1 time; (c) Screening for 2 times; (d-f) Enlarged photo of diatomite A: Impurity substance; B-D: Discs of diatomite; E: Anulle

表2 硅藻土壳片筛选统计结果

Table 2 Statistical results of sheet-shaped diatomite after being screened

Name	Distribution ratio of the diameter			Integrity proportion
Name	<40 μm	40-80 μm	>80 μm	Complete (>3/4 circle)	Fragment(3/4-1/4 circle)	Impurities
Screen 1 time	26%	66%	8%	59%	21%	20%
Screen 2 times	10%	71%	9%	68%	24%	8%

图2 盘形硅藻壳微粒在水面漂浮及自组装密排成膜照片

Fig. 2 Optical photographs of self-assembled monolayer formed by close-packed sheet-shaped diatom particles on water surface The order of a to d is consistent with that of the Table 1 methods. The diameter of dishes in left column is 35 mm, in right column 55 mm

图3 盘形硅藻壳微粒单层自组装密排照片

Fig. 3 Monolayer self-assembled close-packed image of sheet- shaped diatom particles (a) Coverslip with the film of ϕ35 mm dish; (b) Coverslip with the film of 35 mm dish; (c) Silicon wafer with the film of Φ55mm dish; (d) Low magnification SEM image of close-packed particles on silicon wafer; (e) High magnification SEM image of close-packed particles on silicon wafer; (f) SEM image of coverslip with the film of 35 mm dish; (g) SEM image of coverslip with the film of 35 mm dish

参考文献 30

[1]	ZHANG D Y, CAI J, LI X, et al.Bioforming methods of bionic manufacturing.Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2010, 46(5): 88-92.
[2]	DAI Z D, TONG J, REN L Q.Researches and developments of biomimetics in tribology.Chin. Sci. Bull., 2006, 51(22): 2681-2689.
[3]	ZHANG D Y, WANG Y, CAI J, et al.Bio-manufacturing technology based on diatom micro and nanostructure.Chin. Sci. Bull., 2012, 57(30): 3837-3849.
[4]	DICKERSON M B, SANDHAGE K H, NAIK R R.Protein-and peptide-directed syntheses of inorganic materials.Chem. Rev., 2008, 108(11): 4935-4978.
[5]	BOZARTH A, MAIER U G, ZAUNER S.Diatoms in biotechnology: modern tools and applications.Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 2009, 82(2): 195-201.
[6]	LOSIC D, ROSENGARTEN G, MITCHELL J G, et al.Pore architecture of diatom frustules: potential nanostructured membranes for molecular and particle separations.J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol., 2006, 6(4): 982-989.
[7]	DE S L, REA I, RENDINA I, et al.Lensless light focusing with the centric marine diatom coscinodiscus walesii.Opt. Express., 2007, 15(26): 18082-18088.
[8]	DE S L, RENDIA I, DE S M, et al. Marine diatoms as optical chemical sensors. Appl. Phys. Lett., 2005, 87: 233902-1-3.
[9]	FUHRAMANN T, LANDWEHR S, EL R K M, et al. Diatoms as living photonic crystals.Appl. Phys. B, 2004, 78(3/4): 257-260.
[10]	PARKINSON J, GORDON R.Beyond micromachining: the potential of diatoms.Trends. Biotechnol., 1999, 17(5): 190-196.
[11]	GORDON R, LOSIC D, TIFFANY M A, et al.The glass menagerie: diatoms for novel applications in nanotechnology.Trends. Biotechnol., 2009,27(2): 116-127.
[12]	YANG W, LOPEZ P J, ROSENGARTEN G.Diatoms: self assembled silica nanostructures, and templates for bio/chemical sensors and biomimetic membranes.Analyst., 2011, 136: 42-53.
[13]	JEFFRYES C, CAMPBELL J, LI H, et al.The potential of diatom nanobiotechnology for applications in solar cells, batteries, and electroluminescent devices.Energy Environ. Sci., 2011, 4: 3930-3941.
[14]	PASCAL J L, JULIEN D, ANDREW E A, et al.Prospects in diatom research.Current Opinion in Biotechnology, 2005, 16: 180-186.
[15]	LOSIC D, MITCHELL J G, VOELCKER N H.Diatomaceous lessons in nanotechnology and advanced materials.Adv. Mater., 2009, 21(29): 2947-2958.
[16]	TOWNNLEY H E, PARKER A R, WHITE C H.Exploitation of diatom frustules for nanotechnology: tethering active biomolecules.Adv. Funct. Mater., 2008, 18(2): 369-374.
[17]	GALE D K, GUTU T, JIAO J, et al.Photoluminescence detection of biomolecules by antibody-functionalized diatom biosilica. Adv. Funct. Mater., 2009, 19(6): 926-933.
[18]	DE S L, ROTIROTI L, DE S M, et al.Marine diatoms as optical biosensors.Biosens. Bioelectron., 2009, 24(6): 1580-1584.
[19]	LIN K C, KUNDURU V, BOTHARA M, et al.Biogenic nanoporous silica-based sensor for enhanced electrochemical detection of cardiovascularbiomarkers proteins.Biosens. Bioelectron., 2010, 25(10): 2336-2342.
[20]	REN F, CAMPBELL J, WANG X, et al.Enhancing surface plasmon resonances of metallic nanoparticles by diatom biosilica.Opt. Exp., 2013, 21(13): 15308-15313.
[21]	CHUAN X Y, LU X C, LU X C.Photodecomposition of methylene blue by TiO2-mounted diatomite.Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2008, 23(4): 657-661.
[22]	LI H, ZHANG Q H, WANG H Z, et al.Preparation and visible- light photocatalytic properties of Bi2O3/diatomite composite photocatalyst.Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2013, 41(4): 567-573.
[23]	ZHANG D Y, ZHANG W Q, CAI J.Magnetization of microorganism cells by thermal decomposition method.Sci. China: Technol. Sci., 2011, 54: 1275-1280.
[24]	张德远, 蔡军, 王瑜, 等. 从硅藻土或硅藻中分离提取壳片与环带的方法. 发明专利, CN101792145-A, 2010-8-4.
[25]	WANG Y, PAN J, CAI J, et al.Assembling and patterning of diatom frustules onto PDMS substrates using photo-assisted chemical bonding.Chem. Lett., 2011, 40: 1354-1356.
[26]	蔡军, 王瑜, 张德远, 等. 一种硅藻在PDMS 表面的图案化键合加工方法. 发明专利, 201110326629. 1, 2011-10-25.
[27]	WANG Y, PAN J, CAI J, et al.Floating assembly of diatom coscinodiscus sp microshells.Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 2012, 420(1): 1-5.
[28]	XIA Y N, GATES B, YIN Y D, et al.Monodispersed colloidal spheres: old materials with new applications.Advanced Materials, 2000, 12(10): 693-713.
[29]	LI R, ZHU Y B, DI Y, et al. Fabrication of ordered Au nanoparticles array and its optical absorption properties.Acta Phys. Sin., 2013, 62(19): 198101.
[30]	WANG X N, WANG C S, STEPHAN W A, et al.Microfabricated iron oxide particles for tunable, multispectral magnetic resonance imaging.Materials Letters, 2013, 110: 122-126.