反相气相色谱法探究镁铁水滑石及其改性材料的表面性质

doi:10.15541/jim20150059

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用反相气相色谱法(IGC)探究司班20(Span-20)、吐温-80(Tween-80)、曲拉通X-100(Triton X-100)分别与十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)复合改性镁铁水滑石材料(即SDBS/Span-LDHs、SDBS/Tween-LDHs、SDBS/Triton-LDHs)的表面性质, 通过表面吸附自由能(-ΔG⁰)、表面能色散组分(γ_s^d)及酸碱作用自由能(-ΔG^sp)这三个参数探讨材料改性前后的变化。结果表明, 水滑石经改性后的-ΔG⁰值均比未改性材料的值小, 其中SDBS/Triton-LDHs的-ΔG⁰值最小, 说明SDBS/Triton-LDHs材料的稳定性最好, 且水滑石材料改性后碱性减弱, 其中SDBS/Triton-LDHs材料的碱性最弱。此外, 各类水滑石的γ_s^d值均随着温度的升高而减小, 因此, 在制备聚合物/水滑石类材料时, 可提高温度来改善其与聚合物的相容性。

关键词: 阴-非离子表面活性剂, 水滑石, 反相气相色谱法, 表面性质

Abstract:

The magnesium-iron hydrotalcite was modified by three nonionic surfactants (Span-20, Tween-80, Triton X-100) combined with sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS), respectively, and surface characterizations of modified hydrotalcites were investigated using inverse gas chromatography (IGC). The free energy of adsorption (-ΔG⁰), dispersive component of the surface energy (γ_s^d) and acid-basic action free energy (-ΔG^sp) were determined to explore the changes between MgFe-LDHs and modified hydrotalcites. The results show that the -ΔG⁰ of the modified hydrotalcites are lower than that of MgFe-LDHs, among which the -ΔG⁰of the SDBS/Triton-LDHs is the lowest, indicating the best stability. The alkalinity of modifed hydrotalcites is weakened and the alkalinity of SDBS/Triton-LDHs is the weakest. In addition, the γ_s^d decreases with temperature increase. Therefore, the compatibility with polymer can be improved by increasing the temperature in preparation of polymer/hydrotalcite materials.

Key words: anionic-nonionic surfactant, hydrotalcite, inverse gas chromatography, surface characterization

中图分类号:

O614

徐金芳, 邵蒙蒙, 倪哲明, 肖雪春. 反相气相色谱法探究镁铁水滑石及其改性材料的表面性质[J]. 无机材料学报, 2015, 30(9): 971-976.

XU Jin-Fang, SHAO Meng-Meng, NI Zhe-Ming, XIAO Xue-Chun. Surface Properties of Magnesium-iron Hydrotalcite and Its Modified Products by Inverse Gas Chromatography[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2015, 30(9): 971-976.

图/表 6

图1 镁铁水滑石及其改性后水滑石的XRD谱图

Fig. 1 XRD patterns of MgFe-LDHs and modified LDHs (a) MgFe-LDHs; (b) SDBS/Triton-LDHs; (c) SDBS/Tween-LDHs; (d) SDBS/Span-LDHs

图2 镁铁水滑石及其改性后的水滑石的FTIR图谱

Fig. 2 FTIR spectra of MgFe-LDHs and modified LDHs (a) MgFe-LDHs; (b) SDBS/Triton-LDHs; (c) SDBS/Tween-LDHs; (d) SDBS/Span-LDHs

表1 柱温150 ℃下探针分子在各类水滑石材料表面的吸附自由能

Table 1 Surface free energy for the adsorption of probes on LDHs at 150 ℃

System	-ΔG⁰ / (kJ·mol^-1)
System	n-pentane	n-hexane	n-heptane	n-octane
MgFe-LDHs	15.23	14.38	14.24	13.06
SDBS/Span-LDHs	12.89	9.68	7.15	5.67
SDBS/Tween-LDHs	12.01	8.93	6.46	4.61
SDBS/Triton-LDHs	11.82	8.43	5.94	4.31

图3 不同温度下各类水滑石表面的RTInVN随正构烷烃所含碳原子数的变化

Fig. 3 Plot of RTInVN values versus carbon number at different temperatures

表2 水滑石在不同温度下的表面能色散组分γsd

Table 2 γsd values of LDHs at different temperature

System	γ_s^d/(mJ·m^-2)
System	130 ℃	140 ℃	150 ℃	160 ℃
MgFe-LDHs	195.00	177.55	158.81	158.13
SDBS/Span-LDHs	34.50	32.93	31.87	30.58
SDBS/Tween-LDHs	33.67	31.58	29.68	28.14
SDBS/Triton-LDHs	31.02	30.99	28.13	27.27

表3 柱温140 ℃下不同探针分子在各类水滑石材料表面的-ΔGsp值

Table 3 -ΔGsp values of probles on LDHs at 140 ℃

System	-ΔG^sp/(kJ·mol^-1)
System	CCl₄	CH₂Cl₂	C₆H₆
MgFe-LDHs	-1.14	2.44	3.37
SDBS/Span-LDHs	0.81	1.95	5.82
SDBS/Tween-LDHs	0.47	1.75	3.74
SDBS/Triton-LDHs	0.32	1.35	1.59

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