模板法制备多孔核/壳结构的Fe2O3/Al纳米铝热薄膜

doi:10.15541/jim20140622

无机材料学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (6): 610-614.DOI: 10.15541/jim20140622

模板法制备多孔核/壳结构的Fe₂O₃/Al纳米铝热薄膜

郑国强, 张文超, 徐兴, 沈瑞琪, 邓吉平, 叶迎华

(南京理工大学化工学院, 南京210094)

收稿日期:2014-12-03 修回日期:2015-01-14 出版日期:2015-06-04 网络出版日期:2015-05-22
作者简介:郑国强(1992–), 男, 硕士研究生. E-mail:zhgqiang1009@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(50806033);国家博士后基金(2012M511285);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20141399)

Preparation of Porous Core/Shell Structure Fe₂O₃/Al Nanothermite Membrane by Template Method

ZHENG Guo-Qiang, ZHANG Wen-Chao, XU Xing, SHEN Rui-Qi, DENG Ji-Ping, YE Ying-Hua

(School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China)

Received:2014-12-03 Revised:2015-01-14 Published:2015-06-04 Online:2015-05-22
About author:ZHENG Guo-Qiang. E-mail:zhgqiang1009@163.com
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (50806033);Chinese Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2012M511285);Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China(BK20141399)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

通过聚苯乙烯(PS)胶晶球模板法制备出三维有序大孔(3DOM)α-Fe₂O₃薄膜骨架, 再利用磁控溅射将Al沉积到3DOM α-Fe₂O₃骨架上得到核/壳结构的Fe₂O₃/Al纳米铝热复合薄膜。扫描电镜(SEM)测试结果表明: 纳米Al均匀地附着在α-Fe₂O₃骨架表面, 骨架孔结构由原先的近圆形转变为Al沉积后的类菱形, 孔壁的厚度从32 nm增加到100 nm; 采用X射线能谱(EDS)对Fe₂O₃/Al纳米铝热薄膜的元素含量进行了分析; 由差示扫描量热法(DSC)分析显示铝热薄膜在490℃开始反应, 经历固-固和固-液两个反应阶段, 总放热量达到1374.7 J/g; 使用激光点火器对铝热薄膜进行点火, 薄膜飞溅出火花并伴有明亮刺眼的亮光, 整个发火时间达2.6 ms, 显示其能被点火并发生自蔓延反应, 可作为一种理想的点火材料。

关键词: 纳米铝热剂, 胶晶球模板, 三维有序大孔, 核/壳结构

Abstract:

A three-dimensionally ordered macroporous(3DOM) α-Fe₂O₃membrane was prepared by inversing polystyrene(PS) spheres colloidal crystal template, and nano aluminum was then introduced into the 3DOM α-Fe₂O₃ skeleton using magnetron sputtering method. Scanning electron microscope(SEM) images show that nano Al coats on surface of α-Fe₂O₃ skeleton uniformly, and pore structure converts into a kind of diamond from previously suborbicular after aluminizing with wall thickness increasing from 32 nm to 100 nm. Simultaneously, elemental analysis of the membrane is investigated via energy dispersive spectrum(EDS). Differential scanning calorimety(DSC) results indicate that onset temperature of the Fe₂O₃/Al nanothermite membrane is 490℃, and thermite reaction between Al and Fe₂O₃ can be divided into solid-solid reaction and liquid-solid reaction. The total heat release is 1374.7 J/g. Ignition performance of the energetic membrane is investigated by laser ignition test. Sparks spatter outward with dazzling light can be observed for 2.6 ms, demonstrating that Fe₂O₃/Al nanothermite membrane can be ignited normally.

Key words: nanothermite, colloidal crystal template, three-dimensionally ordered macroporous, core/shell structure

中图分类号:

TB383

郑国强, 张文超, 徐兴, 沈瑞琪, 邓吉平, 叶迎华. 模板法制备多孔核/壳结构的Fe₂O₃/Al纳米铝热薄膜[J]. 无机材料学报, 2015, 30(6): 610-614.

ZHENG Guo-Qiang, ZHANG Wen-Chao, XU Xing, SHEN Rui-Qi, DENG Ji-Ping, YE Ying-Hua. Preparation of Porous Core/Shell Structure Fe₂O₃/Al Nanothermite Membrane by Template Method[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2015, 30(6): 610-614.

图/表 6

图1 Ps微球TEM照片(a); Ps胶晶模板SEM照片(b); 3DOMα-Fe2O3表面SEM照片(c); 3DOMα-Fe2O3断面SEM照片(d)

Fig. 1 TEM image (a) of Ps spheres; SEM images (b) of colloidal crystal template; top view SEM image (c) of 3DOMα-Fe2O3; cross section view SEM image (d) of 3DOM α-Fe2O3

图2 3DOM α-Fe2O3的XRD图谱

Fig. 2 XRD pattern of 3DOM α-Fe2O3

图3 3DOM Fe2O3/Al铝热薄膜的表面(a)和断面(b)SEM照片

Fig. 3 Top view (a) and cross section view (b) SEM images of 3DOM α-Fe2O3 after Al deposition

图4 核/壳结构Fe2O3/Al铝热薄膜EDS图谱

Fig. 4 EDS spectrum of core/shell structure Fe2O3/Al nanothermite membrane after Al deposition

图5 核/壳结构 Fe2O3/Al铝热复合薄膜的DSC曲线

Fig. 5 DSC curve of core/shell structure Fe2O3/Al membrane

图6 使用高速摄影仪记录的核/壳结构Fe2O3/Al铝热薄膜点火试验图

Fig. 6 High speed camera pictures of 3DOM Fe2O3/Al membrane

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模板法制备多孔核/壳结构的Fe₂O₃/Al纳米铝热薄膜

Preparation of Porous Core/Shell Structure Fe₂O₃/Al Nanothermite Membrane by Template Method

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