硅源对植物纤维制备SiC纤维的影响

doi:10.15541/jim20140376

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

将植物纤维转化为陶瓷是一种新型的、极具发展潜力的多孔陶瓷制备方法。本研究探索了将植物纤维转化为多孔SiC纤维的方法, 并分析了硅源对其反应产物的影响。结果表明, 由于密度效应, 气相硅陶瓷化相比液相而言, 具有更慢的反应速率, 表面所含的杂质也更少, 而且具有更可控的反应过程、更高的力学强度等优势。不同种类的硅源对反应速率、反应所需温度和产物的晶粒尺寸都有一定的影响, 研究发现SiO是一种较为理想的硅源物质。

关键词: 植物纤维, SiC纤维, 多孔陶瓷, 硅源

Abstract:

Converting the natural fibers into biomorphic ceramics has been a novel and promising method to produce porous ceramics. This research explored a novel preparation method of biomorphic SiC fibers (SiC_f), and its silicon source’s effects on the production. The results suggest that the silicon in vapor, compared to melting silicon, can provide much slower reaction velocity which can enable the reaction more controllable, leading to stronger mechanical properties of the final product, the SiC fiber. Besides, different kinds of silicon sources have great difference in influence on the reaction rate, temperature, grain size and purity. Among the silicon sources, SiO is an ideal source of the porous SiC fiber.

Key words: natural fibers, SiC fiber, porous ceramics, silicon source

中图分类号:

TB321

袁文玉, 成来飞, 武恒, 刘永胜. 硅源对植物纤维制备SiC纤维的影响[J]. 无机材料学报, 2015, 30(2): 159-164.

YUAN Wen-Yu, CHENG Lai-Fei,WU Heng, LIU Yong-Sheng. Effect of Silicon Source on Biomorphic SiC Fibers Converted from Natural Fibers[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2015, 30(2): 159-164.

图/表 8

图1 气相硅渗入植物纤维装置图

Fig. 1 The device of the reaction between plant fibers and Si-vapor

图2 剑麻纤维(碳化后)与不同状态硅反应产物XRD图谱

Fig. 2 XRD patterns of the products that different states of silicon react with sisal fibers (carbide phases)

图3 剑麻纤维(碳化后)与液态(a, c)和气态(b, d)硅反应产物的SEM照片

Fig. 3 SEM images of the products produced by different states of silicon reaction with sisal fibers (carbide phases)

图4 不同硅源与黄麻纤维陶瓷化产物的XRD图谱

Fig. 4 XRD patterns of products that jute fibers vitrified with different silicon sources * Indicates stacking falts ([24, 32])

图5 不同硅源与黄麻纤维(碳化后)反应产物SiC纤维的截面和表面SEM照片

Fig. 5 SiC fibers’ cross-section and surface SEM images of the products prepared by Si (a, b), SiO2 (c, d) and Si+SiO2 (e, f) reaction with jute fibers (carbide phases)

图6 黄麻(a, b)和剑麻(c, d)纤维1800℃渗气态硅后的SEM照片

Fig. 6 SEM images of jute (a, b) and sisal fibers (c, d) infiltrated with silicon vapor at 1800 ℃

图7 黄麻与硅在气态、不同时间(a)和温度(b)条件下产物的XRD图谱

Fig. 7 XRD patterns of products prepared under different time (a) and different temperature (b)

图8 黄麻纤维在1650℃(a, b)和1800℃(c, d)下陶瓷化产物的SEM照片

Fig. 8 SEM images of SiC fibers prepared by using jute fibers under 1650℃ (a, b) and 1800℃ (c, d)

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