不同结构形貌BiVO4的水热制备及可见光催化性能

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1077.2012.00026

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用水热法, 无需添加剂, 通过调控反应液pH值和反应温度制备了不同结构和形貌的BiVO₄可见光催化剂. 利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、紫外-可见漫反射(DRS)和低温氮吸附等手段对样品进行表征, 结果显示: 水热温度与反应液pH值对晶体结构有很大影响, 180℃水热温度和酸性条件有利于单斜相的生成. 反应液pH值对形貌也有很大影响, 不同条件下得到了片状、立方状、棒状等不同形貌的BiVO₄. 同时以亚甲基蓝为降解对象, 考察了所制备BiVO₄的可见光催化活性. 其中, pH值为2, 反应液中制备的片状单斜相BiVO₄具有最高的光催化活性(4 h达92.0%). 此外, 还考察了光催化剂用量、亚甲基蓝浓度和电子受体的存在对光催化过程的影响, 结果表明: 当催化剂用量为1.0 g/L, 亚甲基蓝浓度为10 mg/L, KBrO₃为电子受体时光催化效果最佳.

关键词: 钒酸铋(BiVO₄), 水热合成, 光催化活性, 无添加剂

Abstract:

Visible-light photocatalysts BiVO₄ with different crystal structures and morphologies were prepared via a mild additive-free hydrothermal method. The as-prepared samples were well-determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscope (DRS) and low-temperature N₂ adsorption. The results indicated that both hydrothermal temperature and pH value of reaction solution had significant influence on the formation of crystal structures. Hydrothermal temperature of 180℃ and acidic condition facilitated the formation of monoclinic BiVO₄. The pH value of reaction solution also affected the morphologies of samples remarkably, which resulted in three different types: sheet-, cube- and rod-like shapes. All the samples were applied to the photodegradation of methylene blue (MB) under visible light and sheet-like BiVO₄ obtained in pH=2 reaction solution exhibited the best photocatalytic activity (4 h, 92.0%). In addition, influence factors of this photocatalytic system were thoroughly investigated, which included photocatalyst dosage, initial concentration and the existence of electron acceptors. The optimal photocatalytic condition was as follow: the dosage of catalyst was 1.0 g/L, the initial concentration of methylene blue was 10 mg/L, and KBrO₃ was used as electron acceptor.

Key words: bismuth vanadate (BiVO₄), hydrothermal synthesis, photocatalytic activity, additive-free

中图分类号:

O643

郭佳, 朱毅, 张渊明, 李明玉, 杨骏. 不同结构形貌BiVO₄的水热制备及可见光催化性能[J]. 无机材料学报, 2012, 27(1): 26-32.

GUO Jia, ZHU Yi, ZHANG Yuan-Ming, LI Ming-Yu, YANG Jun. Hydrothermal Synthesis and Visible-light Photocatalytic Properties of BiVO₄with Different Structures and Morphologies[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2012, 27(1): 26-32.

图/表 10

图1 不同水热温度下制备BiVO4的XRD图谱

Fig. 1 XRD patterns of BiVO4 obtained at different hydrothermal temperatures

图2 不同pH反应液中制备BiVO4的XRD图谱

Fig. 2 XRD patterns of BiVO4 obtained in reaction solution with different pH values

图3 不同pH值反应液中制备BiVO4的SEM照片

Fig. 3 SEM images of BiVO4 samples obtained in reaction solution with different pH values

图4 不同条件下制备BiVO4的紫外-可见漫反射光谱

Fig. 4 UV-Vis spectra of BiVO4 samples obtained in different conditions

图5 亚甲基蓝溶液紫外-可见吸收光谱随时间的变化

Fig. 5 Changes of UV-Vis spectra of MB solution with irradiation time

图6 不同pH反应液中制备BiVO4的可见光催化性能

Fig. 6 Photocatalytic activity of BiVO4 samples obtained in reaction solution with different pH values

图7 BiVO4用量对亚甲基蓝降解效果的影响

Fig. 7 Effect of the dosage of BiVO4 on photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue

图8 染料初始浓度对亚甲基蓝降解效果的影响

Fig. 8 Effect of the initial concentration of methylene blue on photocatalytic degradation

图9 不同电子受体对亚甲基蓝降解效果的影响

Fig. 9 Effect of different electron acceptors on photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue

图10 KBrO3对亚甲基蓝溶液紫外-可见吸收光谱的影响

Fig. 10 Effect of KBrO3 on UV-Vis spectra of MB solution

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不同结构形貌BiVO₄的水热制备及可见光催化性能

Hydrothermal Synthesis and Visible-light Photocatalytic Properties of BiVO₄with Different Structures and Morphologies

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