Different Simulated Body Fluid on Mineralization of Borosilicate Bioactive Glass-based Bone Cement

doi:10.15541/jim20200484

Abstract

Abstract:

Borosilicate bioactive glass-based (BBG) bone cement has important application prospects in the treatment of osteoporotic fractures, bone tumors, bone trauma, osteomyelitis, and other diseases due to its excellent bioactivity and biodegradability. To further understand the factors affecting its mineralization ability after implantation into human body, three kinds of amino acid were added into the conventional simulated body fluids (SBF) solution. Furthermore, to get whitlockite (WH) and hydroxyapatite (HA) simultaneously during the mineralization process, the environmental temperature, pH and Mg²⁺ concentration of SBF were adjusted. The mineralized products of BBG bone cement after being immersed in different SBF solutions were characterized. It is found that the effects of amino acids on mineralization products are quite different, of which aspartic acid and lysine affect the aspect ratio of the mineral, but glycine does not affect the morphology of the mineral. After the borosilicate bioactive glass tablet being immersed in an acidic (pH 3.5) SBF solution with a high Mg²⁺ content at 70 ℃ for a certain period, HA/WH complex mineral can be obtained.

Key words: simulated boby fluid, amino acid, borosilicate bioactive glass-based bone cement, whitlickite, hydroxyapatite

CLC Number:

TQ171

LIN Ziyang, CHANG Yuchen, WU Zhangfan, BAO Rong, LIN Wenqing, WANG Deping. Different Simulated Body Fluid on Mineralization of Borosilicate Bioactive Glass-based Bone Cement[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2021, 36(7): 745-752.

Figures/Tables 11

Table 1 Composition of different SBFs/(mmol·L-1)

Ion	Na⁺	K⁺	Mg²⁺	Ca²⁺	Cl^-	HCO- 3	HPO2- 4	SO2- 4	pH
Blood plasma	142.0	5.0	1.5	2.5	103.0	27.0	1.0	0.5	7.2-7.4
SBF	142.0	5.0	1.5	2.5	147.8	4.2	1.0	0.5	7.4
1.5SBF	213.0	7.5	2.25	3.75	221.7	6.3	1.5	0.75	7.4
2Mg-1.5SBF	213.0	7.5	4.5	3.75	226.2	6.3	1.5	0.75	3.5

Fig. 1 (a) Surface morphology and (b) XRD pattern of BBG bone cement before being soaked

Fig. 2 Surface morphologies of BBG bone cements after being soaked in 1.5SBF containing 0.1 mol/L (a) aspartic acid, (b) glycine, (c) lysine, and (d) control group without amino acid for (1) 5, (2) 7 and (3) 14 d

Fig. 3 XRD patterns of the products produced by soaking bone cements in 1.5SBF containing 0.1 mol/L amino acid for (a) 5 and (b) 14 d

Fig. 4 pH Changes of 1.5SBF containing (a) 0.1 and (b) 0.2 mol/L amino acid during the mineralization of bone cements

Fig. 5 Surface morphologies of BBG bone cements after being soaked in 1.5SBF containing 0.2 mol/L (a) aspartic acid, (b) glycine and (c) lysine for (1) 5, (2)7 and (3) 14 d

Fig. 6 XRD patterns of the products produced in 1.5SBF with different amino acids at different concentrations

Fig. 7 Relative intensities of (211) and (002) peaks in XRD patterns of mineralization products

Fig. 8 XRD patterns of BBG after dynamic soaking for 7 and 10 d against the standard XRD patterns of HA and WH

Fig. 9 (a, c) TEM images and (b, d) selected area electron diffraction patterns of mineralized (a, b) HA and (c, d) WH

Fig. 10 SEM image of BBG mineralized surface after being immersed in 2Mg-1.5SBF for 7 d

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