Construction of Hierarchical α-MoO3 Hollow Microspheres and Its High Adsorption Performance towards Organic Dyes

doi:10.15541/jim20180132

Abstract

Abstract:

Hierarchical semiconducting metal oxide is highly active due to its special stereostructure, which is potential adsorbent for dye contaminants. Precursors of MoO₂ hollow spheres were successfully synthesized via a simple and one-step solvothermal method. And hierarchical α-MoO₃ hollow microspheres were obtained after subsequent calcination at 400 ℃. Diameters of the α-MoO₃ microspheres were about 600-800 nm which were assembled by nanorods with a width of 70 nm. The as-obtained α-MoO₃ nanomaterials presented excellent adsorption performance for methylene blue (MB). MB removal percentage attained 73.40% in the first 5 min when the concentration of α-MoO₃ absorbent was 0.5 g/L in MB solution at the concentration of 20 mg/L. The equilibrium was established after adsorption for 60 min, and the removal percentages stabilized in the range of 97.53%-99.65%. Their adsorption kinetics was well fitted to a pseudo-second-order model. The adsorption isotherm conformed to Langmuir isotherm model, and the maximum uptake capacity was 1543.2 mg/g. The α-MoO₃ microspheres are cost-effective, fast and complete for MB removal owing to its hierarchical and hollow nanostructures, which also can be employed for adsorption of other organic dyes in waste water.

Key words: hierarchical structure, α-MoO₃ hollow microsphere;, solvothermal method, methylene blue, adsorption performance

CLC Number:

TB321

SUI Li-Li, WANG Run, ZHAO Dan, SHEN Shu-Chang, SUN Li, XU Ying-Ming, CHENG Xiao-Li, HUO Li-Hua. Construction of Hierarchical α-MoO₃ Hollow Microspheres and Its High Adsorption Performance towards Organic Dyes[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2019, 34(2): 193-200.

Figures/Tables 12

Fig. 1 XRD patterns of the precursor (a) and the product calcined at 400 ℃ in air for 2 h (b)

Fig. 2 FT-IR spectrum of the product calcined at 400 ℃ in air for 2 h

Fig. 3 Typical SEM images of precursor (a, b) and α-MoO3 microspheres (c)

Fig. 4 Typical TEM (a, b), HRTEM (c) images and SAED pattern (inset in (c)) of α-MoO3 hollow microspheres

Fig. 5 Nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms and pore size distribution plot (inset) of α-MoO3 hollow microspheres

Fig. 6 Effect of adsorbent dosage (a) and concentration of MB (b) on the adsorption performances of α-MoO3 hollow microspheres, UV-Vis spectra (c) and removal percentage curves (d) of α-MoO3 to MB for different contact times

Fig. 7 Pseudo-first-order (a) and pseudo-second-order (b) sorption kinetics for different concentrations of MB onto α-MoO3 hollow microspheres

Table 1 Kinetic parameters for adsorption of MB on the samples of α-MoO3 hollow microspheres

C₀/(mg·L^-1)	q_e._exp/(mg·g^-1)	Pseudo-second-order			Pseudo-first-order
C₀/(mg·L^-1)	q_e._exp/(mg·g^-1)	q_e._cal/(mg·g^-1)	k₂/(×10^-3, g·mg^-1·min^-1)	R²	q_e._cal/(mg·g^-1)	k₁/(×10^-3, min^-1)	R²
10	19.97	20.83	4.10	0.9996	6.98	10.13	0.6385
20	39.86	40.16	10.90	0.9999	5.34	20.45	0.8994
30	58.16	59.85	0.63	0.9907	44.67	13.04	0.9456
40	65.22	65.10	0.82	0.9903	36.89	9.30	0.9308

Fig. 8 Langmuir (a) and Freundlich (b) adsorption isotherm curves for adsorption of MB by α-MoO3 hollow microspheres

Table 2 Adsorption isotherm parameters of α-MoO3 hollow microspheres to MB

Adsorption	Langmuir model				Freundlich model
Adsorption	q_m/(mg·g^-1)	K_L/(L·mg^-1)	R_L	R²	K_F/(L·g^-1)	n	R²
MB	1543.2	1.19	0.0014	0.9978	724.44	1.82	0.9035

Table 3 Comparison of the maximum adsorption capacities for MB on adsorbents of different metal oxides

Adsorbent	Maximum adsorption capacity, q_m/(mg·g^-1)	Ref.
Hierarchical α-MoO₃ hollow microspheres	1543.2	This work
WO₃ nanotube	75.0	[26]
WO₃ nanorods	73.0	[27]
WO₃ hollow spheres	138.9	[28]
Hierarchical WO₃ hydrates	274.3	[8]
SiO₂ nanoparticles	679.9	[29]
Fe₃O₄@Ag/SiO₂ nanospheres	128.5	[30]

Fig. 9 Zeta potential of α-MoO3 hollow microspheres at different pH

References 30

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Construction of Hierarchical α-MoO₃ Hollow Microspheres and Its High Adsorption Performance towards Organic Dyes

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