Influence of Electronic Conducting Additives on Cycle Performance of Garnet-based Solid Lithium Batteries

doi:10.15541/jim20170167

Abstract

Abstract:

Solid state lithium batteries based on garnet-type solid electrolytes face the problem of contact between the solid electrolytes and the solid cathodes, which deteriorates the cycle performance. Aiming to overcome such problem, the solid state batteries with the LiNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂-based cathodes, the Li_6.4La₃Zr_1.4Ta_0.6O₁₂ ceramic electrolytes, and the lithium metal anodes were studied. For constructing the LiNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂-based composite cathodes, three-kind carbons were used as electronic conducting additives. It is found that the batteries with cathodes containing vapor grown carbon fibers (VGCFs) show better cycle performance than those with granular Ketjen Black as well as Super P carbons. Analysis indicates that the VGCFs result in less side reaction at high charge potential than do other two electronic additives, leading to reduced carbonates that cause the increase of the internal cell resistance. These results suggest that stability of electronic additives has important influence on cycle performance of solid state lithium batteries.

Key words: solid state lithium batteries, interfacial resistance, garnet electrolytes, lithium anodes, composite cathodes

CLC Number:

TQ174

DU Fu-Ming, ZHAO Ning, FANG Rui, CUI Zhong-Hui, LI Yi-Qiu, GUO Xiang-Xin. Influence of Electronic Conducting Additives on Cycle Performance of Garnet-based Solid Lithium Batteries[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2018, 33(4): 462-468.

Figures/Tables 4

Fig. 1 (a) Cross-section and (b) plane view SEM images of NCM- based solid state lithium batteries, (c) and (d) EDS mapping of C and S elements in (b), respectively

Fig. 2 The 1st charge-discharge profiles of NCM-based cathode/LLZTO/Li batteries with the composite cathodes (a) excluding and (b) including electronic additives (KB); (c) Comparison of NCM-based solid state batteries with different carbon additives for the 1st charge-discharge profiles and (d) the discharge capacity as a function of cycle number

Fig. 3 EIS of NCM-based cathode/LLZTO/Li batteries with various carbon additives at different states with respect to (a) NCM-KB, (b) NCM-SP, (c) NCM-VGCF, and (d) excluding electronic additivesThe inset in (d) shows the equivalent circuit

Fig. 4 (a) LSV of the carbon electrode/LLZTO/Li cells with KB, SP and VGCF as the component at the scan rate of 0.1 mV/s; (b) The 1st charge profile of the carbon electrode/LLZTO/Li cells for different components at 40 μA/mgc; (c, d) XPS of C1s spectra of the pristine samples and the 1st charged products for the three-kind carbon electrodes, respectively. Carbon electrodes consist of C:LiTFSI:PVdF, and the current density and charge capacity are relative to the mass of carbon materials

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