Preparation and Electrochemical Performance of Si@C/SiOx as Anode Material for Lithium-ion Batteries

doi:10.15541/jim20160516

Abstract

Abstract:

Silicon is one of candidates for graphite anode on account of its high theoretical specific capacity and low discharge plateau. But, the severe decay caused by huge volume change during the process of charge/discharge hinders the realization of Si commercial use in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). A new material named Si@C/SiO_x nanocomposite with core-shell structure was prepared via a facile one-step method and used as anode material for LIBs. The micromorphology, structure and electrochemical performance of Si@C/SiO_x nanomaterial were investigated by SEM, TEM, XRD, and XPS measurements. It is found that the electrochemical performance of Si@C/SiO_x is better than Si@C core-shell nanomaterial. After 45 cycles at current density of 200 mA/g, the capacity retentions of Si@C electrode and Si@C/SiO_x electrode are 60.2% and 87.3%, respectively, and the reversible capacity of Si@C/SiO_x electrode remains 787.2 mAh/g. The electrochemical performance improvement of Si@C/SiO_x electrode is ascribed to the combination of carbon and SiO_x, which maintains the integrity of electrode structure through buffering the big pressure more effectively. And it improves the possibility of commercial use for Si anodes.

Key words: lithium-ion batteries, Si@C/SiOx nanocomposite, core-shell structure, cycle stability

CLC Number:

TQ15

YANG Tao, LI Xiao, TIAN Xiao-Dong, SONG Yan, LIU Zhan-Jun, GUO Quan-Gui. Preparation and Electrochemical Performance of Si@C/SiO_x as Anode Material for Lithium-ion Batteries[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2017, 32(7): 699-704.

Figures/Tables 6

Fig. 1 SEM images of (a) pristine Si, (b) Si@C and (c) Si@C/SiOx core-shell nanoparticles

Fig. 2 TEM images of (a) Si@C and (b) Si@C/SiOx core-shell nanoparticles

Fig. 3 XRD patterns of (a) Si, (b) Si@C and (c) Si@C/SiOx nanoparticles

Fig. 4 XPS spectra for Si@C and Si@C/SiOx (a), high-resolution XPS spectrum of the Si2p peak for Si@C (b) and Si@C/SiOx (c)

Fig. 5 CV curves of Si@C/SiOx nanocomposites in the range of 0.01-3.0 V at room temperature

Fig. 6 (a) Galvanostatic charge-discharge profiles of Si@C/SiOx, (b) cycle performance of Si@C and Si@C/SiOx, (c) capacity retention of Si@C and Si@C/SiOx measured at 200 mA/g, and (d) rate capacity of Si@C and Si@C/SiOx nanocompositesAll electrochemical performance is measured at room temperature

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