新型无机耐火纸

doi:10.15541/jim20170346

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

新型无机耐火纸是以羟基磷灰石超长纳米线作为原料制备而成的, 具有优良的生物相容性、环境友好、物理强度性能好、柔韧性高、耐高温、不燃烧、可用于书写和彩色打印, 有望用于档案等重要文件的长久保存。目前, 已制备出具有多种功能和用途的羟基磷灰石超长纳米线基新型纸张, 包括抗菌耐火纸、防水耐火纸、荧光耐火纸、耐高温标签纸、光(电)缆用阻燃耐火包带、快速检测试纸、生物医用纸、高效过滤纸等。新型无机耐火纸在特种纸、吸附过滤、生物医学、隔热、耐高温、环境保护、能源等领域展现出广阔的应用前景。本文综述了最近几年来新型羟基磷灰石超长纳米线基耐火纸研究取得的一些重要进展, 并且对该新型无机耐火纸未来的应用和产业化进行了展望。

关键词: 羟基磷灰石, 纳米线, 耐火纸, 综述

Abstract:

A new kind of highly flexible fire-resistant inorganic paper made from ultralong hydroxyapatite nanowires is reviewed. The fire-resistant inorganic paper exhibits high flexibility, high biocompatibility, nonflammability, high thermal stability, and excellent mechanical properties, which can be used for writing and printing, and is promising for permanent and safe storage of information, such as archives and important documents. The preparation process of this new kind of fire-resistant inorganic paper is environmentally friendly. The fire-resistant inorganic paper has many other potential applications in various fields. This new kind of fire-resistant inorganic paper provides a promising perspective for a possible substitute for the traditional cellulose paper, which has caused serious natural resource and environmental problems. In this review, we introduce the recent progress made in the research of this new kind of fire-resistant inorganic paper. Various kinds of fire-resistant paper sheets made from ultralong hydroxyapatite nanowires with different functions and applications are reviewed, including fire-resistant paper, superhydrophobic fire-resistant paper, antibacterial fire-resistant paper, photoluminescent fire-resistant paper, biomedical test paper, biopaper, refractory protection layer of the fiber-optic cable, and high-efficient filtration paper.

Key words: hydroxyapatite, nanowire, fireproof paper, review

中图分类号:

TQ174

董丽颖, 张永刚, 朱英杰. 新型无机耐火纸[J]. 无机材料学报, 2018, 33(2): 162-172.

DONG Li-Ying, ZHANG Yong-Gang, ZHU Ying-Jie. A New Kind of Fire-resistant Inorganic Paper[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2018, 33(2): 162-172.

图/表 10

图1 采用溶剂热法以油酸钙作为前驱体合成的高柔韧性HAP超长纳米线[12]

Fig. 1 Highly flexible ultralong hydroxyapatite nanowires prepared by the calcium oleate precursor solvothermal method[12] (a, b) SEM micrographs; (c) TEM micrograph with inset showing a SAED (selected-area electron diffraction) pattern of a single ultralong hydroxyapatite nanowire; (d) The formation of a long fiber with a length of ~28 mm from an ethanol dispersion of ultralong hydroxyapatite nanowires

图2 (a) 新型HAP超长纳米线耐火纸的数码照片和(b) 用喷墨打印机在HAP超长纳米线耐火纸上打印的不同颜色图案和文字的数码照片[12]

Fig. 2 (a) A digital image of the new kind of highly flexible fire-resistant paper made from ultralong hydroxyapatite nanowires; (b) English words and Chinese characters with different colors printed on the fire-resistant ultralong hydroxyapatite nanowire paper by using a commercial ink-jet printer[12]

图3 制备的A4尺寸(21 cm×29.7 cm)的HAP超长纳米线耐火纸的数码照片[29]

Fig. 3 Digital images of the highly flexible fire-resistant ultralong hydroxyapatite nanowire paper with an A4 size[29]

图4 新型高柔韧性HAP超长纳米线耐火纸的耐火性能、热稳定性及其与普通复印纸的对比实验[12]

Fig. 4 Illustration of the excellent fire-resistance and high- temperature resistance of the as-prepared highly flexible fire- resistant paper based on ultralong hydroxyapatite nanowires, and the commercial cellulose paper is used for comparison[12]

图5 HAP超长纳米线耐火纸对有机污染物的吸附性能[12]

Fig. 5 Adsorption properties of the highly flexible fire-resistant paper made from ultralong hydroxyapatite nanowires[12]

图6 新型HAP超长纳米线防水耐火纸对水和多种商业饮料具有优良的超疏水性能和优异的热稳定性[38]

Fig. 6 Liquid repellency tests for a new kind of fire-resistant superhydrophobic layered paper based on ultralong hydroxyapatite nanowires and its excellent thermal stability[38]

图7 新型HAP超长纳米线防水耐火纸可应用于油和水的高效快速分离[38]

Fig. 7 Oil/water separation of the fire-resistant superhydrophobic ultralong hydroxyapatite nanowire paper[38]

图8 制备的90wt% HAP超长纳米线/壳聚糖复合生物纸的数码照片和力学性能[44]

Fig. 8 Digital images and the shear stress-strain curves of the as-prepared 90wt% ultralong hydroxyapatite nanowire/chitosan biopaper[44]

图9 普通植物纤维纸(a)和Tb3+掺杂HAP超长纳米线荧光耐火纸(b)在热处理前后的数码照片; (c) 制备的Tb3+掺杂HAP超长纳米线荧光耐火纸300℃处理60 min后在紫外光(~365 nm)照射下发光性能保持良好; (d) 制备的Tb3+掺杂HAP超长纳米线荧光耐火纸和普通植物纤维纸在热处理前后的白度变化[51]

Fig. 9 Digital images of two kind of paper sheets before and after thermal treatment

图10 研制的新型羟基磷灰石超长纳米线基过滤纸在各种不同程度的污染环境中对空气PM2.5细颗粒物的过滤效率均高于95%, 而且可以多次重复和长时间使用[54]

Fig. 10 PM2.5 removal efficiencies of the as-prepared new kind of HAP nanowire-based filtration paper[54]

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