ZnO/GO纳米材料基热稳定钙钛矿太阳能电池

doi:10.15541/jim20160218

无机材料学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (1): 96-100.DOI: 10.15541/jim20160218

ZnO/GO纳米材料基热稳定钙钛矿太阳能电池

姜文龙^1,2, 周伟¹, 应纪飞¹, 杨铁莹², 高延敏¹

(1. 江苏科技大学材料科学与工程学院, 镇江212003; 2. 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所, 上海201204)

收稿日期:2016-04-01 出版日期:2017-01-20 网络出版日期:2016-12-15
作者简介:姜文龙. E-mail: jiangwenlong123@126.com

Thermal Stable Perovskite Solar Cells Improved by ZnO/Graphene Oxide as Electron Transfer Layers

JIANG Wen-Long^1,2, ZHOU Wei¹, YING Ji-Fei¹, YANG Tie-Ying², GAO Yan-Min¹

(1. The college of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China; 2. Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciencs, Shanghai 201204, China)

Received:2016-04-01 Published:2017-01-20 Online:2016-12-15
About author:JIANG Wen-Long(1989–), male, candidate of Master degree. E-mail: jiangwenlong123@126.com
Supported by:
Foundation item: National Natural Science Foundation of China (11405253, U1332205);Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS and the Research Program of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (14DZ2261200)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了使钙钛矿太阳能电池在高温退火后能够保持稳定, 本研究通过电化学方法制备出氧化锌/氧化石墨烯纳米粒子, 并将其运用到钙钛矿太阳能电池中作为电子传输层使用。通过原位掠入射X射线衍射(GIXRD)、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)等方法对沉积在氧化锌和氧化锌/氧化石墨烯纳米材料上面的甲胺铅碘的结构、形貌以及电池性能变化进行分析测试。结果表明: 氧化锌/氧化石墨烯对于甲胺铅碘有保护作用, 沉积在氧化锌/氧化石墨烯上面的甲胺铅碘薄膜稳定性更高, 电池性能更加稳定, 为将来大面积应用提供了一定的指导。

关键词: 掠入射X射线衍射, 氧化锌/氧化石墨烯, 钙钛矿, 电子传输层

Abstract:

ZnO/graphene oxide (GO) nano-particles (NPs) layer was prepared using a facile solution process and employed as an electron conductor to improve the thermal stability of perovskite solar cells. Structural changes during the degradation process in high temperature environment were characterized via in situ grazing incidence X-ray diffraction. The optical properties and surface morphologies of the films were characterized. It was observed that smooth and compact structure of ZnO/GO layer works as a protection layer to prevent decomposition of perovskite film which is converted into PbI₂ during the annealing process reaction. The perovskite film grown on ZnO/GO layer exhibited enhanced crystallization, high surface coverage ratio as well as preferred in-plane orientation of the (110) plane.

Key words: GIXRD, ZnO/GO, perovskite, ETL (electron transfer layers)

中图分类号:

TQ174

姜文龙, 周伟, 应纪飞, 杨铁莹, 高延敏. ZnO/GO纳米材料基热稳定钙钛矿太阳能电池[J]. 无机材料学报, 2017, 32(1): 96-100.

JIANG Wen-Long, ZHOU Wei, YING Ji-Fei, YANG Tie-Ying, GAO Yan-Min. Thermal Stable Perovskite Solar Cells Improved by ZnO/Graphene Oxide as Electron Transfer Layers[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2017, 32(1): 96-100.

图/表 6

Fig. 1 XRD patterns of GO and ZnO/GO films

Fig. 2 (a) UV-Vis absorption and (b) TEM images of ZnO/GO films and ZnO film. (c) Top-view SEM image and (d) AFM image of ZnO/GO films

Fig. 3(a) is the diffraction pattern of the CH3NH3PbI3 film deposited on ZnO/GO after heating at 100℃ in air for 2 min, which reveals that the film is polycrystalline with preferred in-plane orientation of the (110) plane. The strong and sharp (110) peaks imply that the films possess good crystallization and large crystal size. When the film was heated to 100℃ for 15 min (Fig. 3(b)), a new feature at q≈9 nm-1 appeared, which is consistent with reflection from the (001) planes of PbI2 (PDF#07-0235), but the ring is not so clear, indicating that just a little amout of CH3NH3PbI3 decomposed after 20 min. Yang[7] studied the CH3NH3PbI3 film deposited on ZnO, suggesting that after 13 min of heating at 100℃, the perovskite decomposes into PbI2 in a single step. Herein, it can be concluded perovskite structure on the ZnO/GO showed a higher stability than it on ZnO. According to Fig. 3(c), it can be found that, after 30 min, the perovskite (110) feature still exsist clearly. These data show that after 15 min of heating at 100℃, only small part of CH3NH3PbI3 decomposes into PbI2, consistent with the result we indicated above.

Fig. 3 2D GIXRD patterns of ITO/(ZnO/GO)/CH3NH3PbI3 film after heating at 100℃ in air for 2 min (a), 15 min (b), and 30 min (c)

Table 1 Photovoltaic parameters of solar cells with different ETL

ETL	Ј_SC/(mA•cm^-2)	V_oc/V	FF	η/%
TiO₂	17.06	0.79	0.75	10.24
ZnO	13.71	0.92	0.72	9.08
ZnO/GO	18.30	1.00	0.51	9.31

Fig. 4 Stability of the devices based on ZnO NPs and ZnO/GO NPs in an ambient environment after encapsulation using UV- epoxy

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ZnO/GO纳米材料基热稳定钙钛矿太阳能电池

Thermal Stable Perovskite Solar Cells Improved by ZnO/Graphene Oxide as Electron Transfer Layers

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