无机材料学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (11): 1157-1165.DOI: 10.15541/jim20160119 CSTR: 32189.14.10.15541/jim20160119
• • 下一篇
袁 钦, 宋永才
收稿日期:
2016-03-03
修回日期:
2016-05-04
出版日期:
2016-11-10
网络出版日期:
2016-10-25
作者简介:
袁 钦(1983–), 男, 博士研究生. E-mail: yinzi863@163.com
基金资助:
YUAN Qin, SONG Yong-Cai
Received:
2016-03-03
Revised:
2016-05-04
Published:
2016-11-10
Online:
2016-10-25
About author:
YUAN Qin. E-mail: yinzi863@163.com
摘要:
连续SiC纤维最主要的制备方法是先驱体转化法, 目前已发展到第三代, 它主要作为SiC基复合材料(SiCf/SiC)的增强体。SiCf/SiC具有优异的耐高温、抗氧化和高温抗蠕变性, 及其在中子辐照条件下的低放射性, 成为高温、辐射等苛刻条件下结构部件的优先候选材料。本文首先对国内外SiC纤维的发展, 尤其是对第三代SiC纤维的不同制备思路和特征进行了介绍。然后, 对SiCf/SiC制备工艺和性能的进展进行了综述, 突出了制备工艺创新与SiC纤维发展的关系。最后, 对近几年SiCf/SiC在高性能航空发动机、聚变反应堆领域的应用进展进行了总结, 并对国内连续SiC纤维和SiCf/SiC复合材料的发展进行了展望。
中图分类号:
袁 钦, 宋永才. 连续SiC纤维和SiCf/SiC复合材料的研究进展[J]. 无机材料学报, 2016, 31(11): 1157-1165.
YUAN Qin, SONG Yong-Cai. Research and Development of Continuous SiC Fibers and SiCf/SiC Composities[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2016, 31(11): 1157-1165.
Generation | First | Second | Third | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Trade mark | Nicalon | Tyranno LOX-M | Hi-Nicalon | UF | Hi-Nicalon S | Tyranno SA3 | Sylramic | UF-HM | ||
Cross-linking method | Oxygen | Oxygen | Electron irradiation | non | Electron irradiation | Oxygen | Oxygen | non | ||
Production Temperature/℃ | 1200 | 1200 | 1300 | 1400 | >1500 | >1700 | >1700 | >1700 | ||
Element Compostion/wt% | 56Si+ 32C+ 12O | 54Si+ 32C+ 12O+2Ti | 63Si+ 37C+ 0.5O | 60Si+ 39C+ 1O | 69Si+ 31C+ 0.2O | 68Si+ 32C+ 0.6Al | 67Si+29C+ 0.8O+ 3.2B+0.4N +2.1Ti | 67Si+ 31C+ 2B | ||
Crystal state | Amorphous | Microcrystalline | Polycrystalline | |||||||
Crystalline size/nm | 2-3 | 2-3 | 5-10 | ≤5 | 20 | >60 | 40~60 | >50 | ||
Fiber diameter/μm | 14 | 11 | 12 | 10-15 | 12 | 7.5 | 10 | 10-15 | ||
Density/(g·cm-3) | 2.55 | 2.48 | 2.74 | 2.70 | 3.05 | 3.10 | 3.05 | 3.10 | ||
Tensile strength at RT/GPa | 3.0 | 3.3 | 2.8 | 2.8-3.5 | 2.6 | 2.9 | 3.0 | 2.1-3.5 | ||
Young’s modulus at RT/GPa | 200 | 185 | 270 | N/A | 400 | 375 | 400 | N/A | ||
Thermal conductivity /(W·mK) | 3 | 1.5 | 8 | N/A | 18 | 65 | 40 | N/A | ||
Cost (US$/kg) | 2000 | 1250 | 8000 | N/A | 13000 | 5000 | 10000 | N/A |
表1 三代SiC纤维的组成、结构、性能和价格[7-13]
Table 1 Details of composition, structure, properties, and cost of three generations SiC based fibers[7-13]
Generation | First | Second | Third | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Trade mark | Nicalon | Tyranno LOX-M | Hi-Nicalon | UF | Hi-Nicalon S | Tyranno SA3 | Sylramic | UF-HM | ||
Cross-linking method | Oxygen | Oxygen | Electron irradiation | non | Electron irradiation | Oxygen | Oxygen | non | ||
Production Temperature/℃ | 1200 | 1200 | 1300 | 1400 | >1500 | >1700 | >1700 | >1700 | ||
Element Compostion/wt% | 56Si+ 32C+ 12O | 54Si+ 32C+ 12O+2Ti | 63Si+ 37C+ 0.5O | 60Si+ 39C+ 1O | 69Si+ 31C+ 0.2O | 68Si+ 32C+ 0.6Al | 67Si+29C+ 0.8O+ 3.2B+0.4N +2.1Ti | 67Si+ 31C+ 2B | ||
Crystal state | Amorphous | Microcrystalline | Polycrystalline | |||||||
Crystalline size/nm | 2-3 | 2-3 | 5-10 | ≤5 | 20 | >60 | 40~60 | >50 | ||
Fiber diameter/μm | 14 | 11 | 12 | 10-15 | 12 | 7.5 | 10 | 10-15 | ||
Density/(g·cm-3) | 2.55 | 2.48 | 2.74 | 2.70 | 3.05 | 3.10 | 3.05 | 3.10 | ||
Tensile strength at RT/GPa | 3.0 | 3.3 | 2.8 | 2.8-3.5 | 2.6 | 2.9 | 3.0 | 2.1-3.5 | ||
Young’s modulus at RT/GPa | 200 | 185 | 270 | N/A | 400 | 375 | 400 | N/A | ||
Thermal conductivity /(W·mK) | 3 | 1.5 | 8 | N/A | 18 | 65 | 40 | N/A | ||
Cost (US$/kg) | 2000 | 1250 | 8000 | N/A | 13000 | 5000 | 10000 | N/A |
图1 热处理后纤维拉伸强度与结晶尺寸的关系(Ar, 1 h)[33]
Fig. 1 Relationship between tensile strength and the crystallite size for fibers annealed at elevated temperatures in Ar for 1 h[33]
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